It's called the Rayleigh resolution. It measures how close two point sources of light can be and still be distinguished by a lens. The value is fairly simple given to
theta = 1.22 lamda/D where theta is the angular measure, lambda the wavelength and D the diameter of the aperture which the light passes. We all know that the aperture produces diffraction which can limit resolution. However, it is the ratio of the wavelength to aperture diameter and not the absolute diameter that is important.
This is a function of radiation. A microscope cannot resolve two objects less than 1.22 a wavelength of the light source. That is why a radiation source of higher energy such as an electron beam is needed to see beyond of a standard microscope. A radar's resolving power is limited by the wavelength of the radar's wavelength. In fact two lasers of diameter D when close enough together will spread so they cannot be resolved as two at some distance. Any beam or radiation of diameter D and wavelength lambda will produce a spreading by an angle
theta = 1.22 lambda/D. It is a property of radiation independent of the lens.
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So analogue or not - does not mean there no limits.
However, I think what is lost here is that a 40 MP CFA does not have the same resolution as a 40 MP native sensor. So for the question with the new Fuji one needs to first determine the effective resolution after the demosiac interpolation has been applied. That is going to result in a loss of at least 1/2 and maybe up to 2/3's. However, I expect that most people will notice an improved image quality in normal viewing at the same image physical dimensions with a 40 MP sensor over a 26 MP sensor. Pixel peaking a 40 MP and a 26 MP is not viewing at the same size, now is it.
theta = 1.22 lamda/D where theta is the angular measure, lambda the wavelength and D the diameter of the aperture which the light passes. We all know that the aperture produces diffraction which can limit resolution. However, it is the ratio of the wavelength to aperture diameter and not the absolute diameter that is important.
This is a function of radiation. A microscope cannot resolve two objects less than 1.22 a wavelength of the light source. That is why a radiation source of higher energy such as an electron beam is needed to see beyond of a standard microscope. A radar's resolving power is limited by the wavelength of the radar's wavelength. In fact two lasers of diameter D when close enough together will spread so they cannot be resolved as two at some distance. Any beam or radiation of diameter D and wavelength lambda will produce a spreading by an angle
theta = 1.22 lambda/D. It is a property of radiation independent of the lens.
12.6 Limits of Resolution: The Rayleigh Criterion – Douglas College Physics 1207
This is a custom textbook for Physics 1207 Introductory General Physics II at Douglas College. This is the second semester of a non-calculus based course intended primarily for life science majors. It focuses on electricity, magnetism, optics and modern physics. This textbook is based on...
pressbooks.bccampus.ca
So analogue or not - does not mean there no limits.
However, I think what is lost here is that a 40 MP CFA does not have the same resolution as a 40 MP native sensor. So for the question with the new Fuji one needs to first determine the effective resolution after the demosiac interpolation has been applied. That is going to result in a loss of at least 1/2 and maybe up to 2/3's. However, I expect that most people will notice an improved image quality in normal viewing at the same image physical dimensions with a 40 MP sensor over a 26 MP sensor. Pixel peaking a 40 MP and a 26 MP is not viewing at the same size, now is it.
