I have used exiftool on Windows from time to time for many years, but using a Mac now is more problematic and I am not sure I want to install what might be a dangerous program on my Mac. I have a Windows laptop I could use, but it is in a different location and I don't expect to be there for months.
Any ideas?
What seems to be "problematic" is simply Apple updating part of its system-based security protocols to provide improved protection for its users. The previous steps for dealing with non-authorized apps were so simple and easy, hackers were successfully using it to their advantage.
After Sequoia came out The Eclectic Light Company published an article explaining how working with Gatekeeper has changed. There is also an example showing how previously the malicious app Atomic Stealer could easily persuade some people to authorize installing it:
Living With(out) Notarization
I do not know the specific reasons why Phil Harvey, the author of ExifTool,
has made it clear that he currently has no plans to complete the process for getting his app signed. It sounds like it is particularly onerous, perhaps more-so because of ExifTool's primary functions. But the app is not inherently dangerous.
ExifTool MacOS Installation Info-Post Sequoia
If you are going to continue using the MacOS it would behoove you to become more familiar with its security operations and procedures. I wish that more Mac users would take the time to learn how Gatekeeper, XProtect, etc. actually work, in part so they can make better-informed decisions about using third-party security/privacy apps/services.
On the other hand, Gawd knows that Apple doesn't do a great job of informing users about its integrated anti-malware apps. The Gatekeeper installation dialog is an exception; XProtect does not alert users to any malicious malware alerts/removal. That is a serious omission because it would be helpful in avoiding possible sources of future infections.
Apple Platform Security Official Apple Communities Support publication
XProtect Ascendant: MacOS Security in 2024 Published 12/27/24 by The Eclectic Light Company. This is an up-to-date overview which is succinct and easy to understand. Eclectic Light is a very good resource for all kinds of Mac/iOS information. It's also a place to download free apps that compliment and enhance Apple's built-in cybersecurity protections.