OK I have to start with a confession, I rarely use a flash at all, also on previous cams, as the effect turned out ugly most of the time, and a fast lens pic, even with a bit of motion blur, gives a nicer memory.
But the menu on the X-T1 suggests far more adjustments.
After some try-outs, I am confused however. If I set on TTL with e.g. -2EV flash, the resulting pic is darker than without flash, and with normal or +2, it has the ugly flat flash-look.
Is there any way to use this mini-flash in a good way? Or better to not bother at all and rely on faster glass? (I will not carry around a larger flash, partly because of the bulk, partly because of the intrusiveness of a large unit)
The interaction between the camera and the EFX8 depends on your camera exposure mode (Aperture Preferred, Shutter, Program or Manual) the flash mode menu settings (auto, force fill, slow sync, etc) and the situation. There are a number of different ways it might respond in different modes. I'm not going to try to describe them all - I don't know them all..... And the XT1 manual isn't all that helpful.
We don't know your subject set up or settings in the experience you described, but I suspect that the flash is causing the camera to set a higher shutter speed than the ambient light requires (if below sync speed indoors or in low light). The combination of that speed with the aperture you've set under-exposed, and the flash then failed to provide enough illumination to offset the under-exposure. More so with the negative compensation. Just my guess.... If you think that's right, you may be in forced flash/fill mode.
You could try slow synch flash mode and the camera will retain the ambient light SS settings and fire the flash, but you may have to ensure your shutter speed is up to an appropriate hand-holding speed to avoid motion blur. You could also try program exposure mode, and put the flash in 'auto' mode. The camera will choose higher shutter speeds below sync speed and then stop down the aperture.
The opposite can occur outdoors in bright light depending on whether the mode is appropriate. If the ambient exposure requires a shutter speed above sync speed ( up to 1/180), the camera will nevertheless set sync speed and you may get over-exposure.
If you're using it for fill, you need to set the exposure for the ambient light with a suitable mode, ISO & aperture to get the shutter speed <1/180, then adjust the flash for the level of fill required with flash compensation.
The camera also seems to respond differently depending on whether you're using Fuji lenses, where it 'knows' the aperture, or adapted lenses where it doesn't. I'm still working this out.....
I suggest experimenting by changing your exposure modes and flash modes and noting how the camera is responding when you mount the EFX8 flash and turn it off/on by raising it up and down.
NB that the EFX8 can't be used off-camera to get better results. Fuji don't market off-camera flash cords and the Canon ones (that work with battery-powered flashes) don't carry the extra wire for the pins that power the EFX8 from the camera.
Faster glass may well help avoid flash altogether, or help to allow the limited power of the EFX8 to illuminate your subject, but only as long as the DOF you require for the subject or situation can be obtained at the faster aperture. If you have to stop down anyway for adequate DOF, or to cope with ambient light, the faster glass doesn't help.
Hope that helps.
Rod