It's silly that religion/marriage or one's personal beliefs even get a concession or consideration in the U.S. in the first place; if it did not, there wouldn't be an issue.
The Fed/State/local government shouldn't give your personal beliefs or marital status a consideration when it comes to policy, codes or law.
Marriage: That's your personal business until it crosses biological boundaries that are proven to give rise to genetic issues, such as marrying and having kids with your parent or sibling. Otherwise, if you want to marry your 2nd cousin, a blue person, or same-sex... that's your personal prerogative, and you should be able to do so without government interference. We have enough laws on the books that deal with divisions of property and child welfare/custody... "marriage" as a matter of law isn't of any consequence in reforming states to get out of the marriage game.
If you don't want to regulate marriage, then brothers and sisters should be allowed to marry.
I plainly and very distinctly covered that already, "until it crosses biological boundaries that are proven to give rise to genetic issues."
If your concern is genetics then regulate fertilizing eggs. A brother and sister who are married can adapt, or use a sperm/egg donor to avoid genetic concerns.
My concern isn't genetics, it's a concern of the government. If you want to marry your mom and have kids- knock yourself out. . . again.. I covered that already; plainly in fact.
Clearly there are no genetic concerns if two brothers marry each other.
There isn't. Again, I covered that already "... and
having kids with your parent or sibling"
Taxes: Married or Single? So what... your tax exposure should be the same.
The issue is households, and sharing of income. If one person is making $100K and the other zero, should their total tax burden be the same as two people making $50K each?
That tax burden is simple. If you make 0 (just like right now) then you get taxed 0. If you make $100k then you're taxed accordingly. Who cares who you're living with.. a piece of paper (marriage license) doesn't all the sudden throw common sense on its ear. Our existing laws cover such already.
If you're shagging your unemployed girlfriend, she doesn't pay taxes on monies she doesn't earn. Likewise if your spouse doesn't have income, then he or she doesn't pay tax on monies not earned. Too simple.
Currently we allow married people to pool their income. We don't allow two fiends to do the same.
((sigh)) ... what has what to do with the price of tea? I plainly stated that there should be no concession for marriage or religion... which plainly means that if you can't pool income with your friend, then you wouldn't be able to pool income with a spouse that the U.S. doesn't even recognize as your spouse.. .he or she would be just another person just as a church would be just another income earning entity which would be generally taxed at the same rate, the same way, as other entities.
Military: No concessions on marriage or consideration on your personal preferences.
If a married soldier is re-deployed to a different city, should the military help pay to move the spouse? If the soldier is not married, should the military pay to move a friend?
This is a text book example of why so many people need to see an attorney for things that have been spelled out in print or in contracts. I'm not being snarky but I've plainly answered your question before you asked it.
What about children of the soldier?
What about them? What about the children of employees that work in the oil fields, UPS, traveling salesmen, or over-the-road truckers? Your kids are your problem. If you can't have reasonable contingencies for your kids, then don't have them if you're in the military; so in plain English that = Be responsible or find another job which the military needs to enforce on several fronts but that's another thread.
Agents of the Court: Wouldn't have to marry anyone because "marriage" would be relegated to being a "personal and private concept/union not recognized by any official U.S. regulatory agency or court".
There are noticeable legal benefits to recognizing marriage. Suppose you get hurt, and are unable to make needed medical decisions. If the courts don't recognize marriage, then your spouse has no more right to take control than a neighbor.
That's what medical directives are for and responsible people use them. Non responsible people would be at the mercy of the physician, family or court... like so many medically related cases are today. Again, we already have law governing such so let's not make this harder than it is-not in the first place
Yes, these can issues can be handled via multiple legal documents, Power of Attorney. Living Wills, trust agreements, wills, etc. However that puts a burden on every married couple. It's far easier to have a standard set of rules, and to call it "marriage"
Just because your married... that doesn't solidify economic safety when you have kids, own property, and or a business, etc.. a prudent person will DEFINITELY see an attorney and have other supporting paperwork. Marriage on its face alone isn't a guarantee for much of anything when it comes to having your ducks-in-a-row upon your death. Textbook false sense of security that has many families tangled in turmoil when a death occurs.
Business License: ((pay attention here...)) If you're open to the general public, you either you serve the public or you lose your license. However, if you put yourself out there to serve only entities (such as other businesses) then that's ok as well (and common).
I'm not sure how this would work. Perhaps a racist wants to open a restaurant. Instead of serving the "general public", he decides he wants to serve only white people. Would that be allowed? If not, why not? He's not open to the general public.
You DO know that such eateries, medical boutiques, etc.. forego being open to the general public and service a niche or particular demographic. I've done that (mostly) for years (I couldn't care less if you're blue, green or pink or married to three women or men); there are scores of physicians that are foregoing dealing with the typical public as well.
There are many professional photographers who won't think of shooting a wedding with a fat bride in a $400 dress, in a church with old musky, awfully lit interior.... but they don't extend an invitation to the public either.
Why would any business want to be open to the "general public" if that entails additional regulations.
Addition regulations? Where are you getting "additional" from? If you're a PRIVATE baby-sitter or in home day care who takes jobs via referrals, neither advertises publicly, nor
has an open invitation to the public, then you have more latitude when it comes to being discriminant. Having a business license isn't the same as being open to the general public... just like having a law or medical license doesn't by default mean you do business with the public as a rule.
Photography, cake baking, etc.: No one can force you to make compelling "art", nor should they be able to however, there is a distinct difference between simply shooting a wedding or baking a cake, from designing a wedding/bridal-shoot or cake and that demarkation line is relatively simple to discern.
How would you apply that demarcation to birthday cakes from the local grocery store? I doubt they are generally considered "compelling art", but there is certainly some level of creativity and skill involved.
Even if it's as simple as what style/color/location to write "happy birthday", or where to plop down the little plastic Avengers, and how to pose them.
Deciding what colour, style, or location to write something isn't a skill and is something generally expected of anyone working in the bakery who has been trained in the cake section. Let's not get ridiculous; most of us know the difference between an artisan cake designer from the typical store girl making "designer" cakes.

See this at your local grocery? Most don't.

See this at your local grocery? Again.. most people do not.

... or this?

Cute, but not something I'd expect from an artisan cake maker's boutique ... would you?
Should the local grocery store be able to refuse to use pink lettering on a birthday cake for a young boy? (perhaps they are worried that "pink" will encourage the boy to be a homosexual?)
Already answered several times: The local grocery serves the general public and offers a standing invitation to that public. A private, licensed (or unlicensed for that matter) business does not.
Regards
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Teila K. Day
http://teiladay.com