BREAKING: Z7 sensor performance is tested better than D850. Way better resolution & MTF50

Different lenses, different JPEG engines.

This isn't a way to compare sensor performances.
I agree there's no lessons here about the sensor.

But I do think the results give a meaningful hint — not proof, by any means, but a suggestive first data point — that the 35/1.8 S-Line may be an exceptionally good lens. I'm filing it away in my "preliminary indications" folder. (Alas, it's a mental folder, and its contents disappear after a week or two, in most cases.)
Well thats kind of funny. I always thought, dynamic range is first and foremost delivered by the sensor.

Today I learned something else... NOT
 
Well thats kind of funny. I always thought, dynamic range is first and foremost delivered by the sensor.

Today I learned something else... NOT
Dude, you're being willfully obtuse here, which, honestly, is not a good thing to do in full public view. Best to indulge such habits in private.

It's a straightforward idea: the results that PDN showed were almost certainly all from default JPEGs, which are not useful for judging sensor performance. If they had shown results from raw files then there would be more to talk about regarding the sensor (although even then, there are a lot of variables to account for).

As someone else on this thread pointed out, the tests that Image Engineering used for the PDN article are designed to show overall system performance, including in-camera processing. There's a definite role for that kind of test in the world, but they need to be evaluated for what they are.
 
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Quotes:

'

Resolution
  • At ISO 64, the Z7 captures 2822 line pairs per picture height (LP/PH), 103 percent of the theoretical maximum.
  • In comparISO n, the Nikon D850 captured 2591 LP/PH at ISO 64 – 94 percent of the theoretical maximum.
  • Lower ISOs show consistently excellent resolution, with, for example 2681 LP/PH (97 percent of theoretical maximum) at ISO 800.
  • Resolution is good at mid-range ISOs : 2511 LP/PH (91 percent) at ISO 1600 and nearly the same (2477 LP/PH) at ISO 3200.
  • At the highest range of ISOs , resolution is less good: at the highest native ISO of 25600, the Z7 records 2163 LP/PH, representing 79 percent of the theoretical maximum.'
and

'

Texture loss
  • Texture reproduction is very good: at ISO 64, the MTF50 is 1924 LP/PH, with 20.6 percent artifacts.
  • Areas of high contrast are reproduced with an MTF50 of 1487 LP/PH (28.4 percent artifacts) at ISO 3200, together with 1308 LP/PH and 36.3 percent artifacts in low contrast portions of the scene.
  • Texture reproduction by the Z7 is better than that produced by the D850: in areas of high contrast, MTF50 is better at ISO 3200, for example, and at the highest native ISO of ISO 25600.
  • However, it is in areas of low contrast that the difference between the Z7 and the D850 is particularly noticeable: the Z7 performs quite a bit better than the D850, with better MTF50 at ISOs up to and including ISO 3200.
  • At higher ISOs , the Z7 performs less well: at ISO 6400, 1075LP/PH are captured in area of high contrast, with 34.1 percent artifacts, and 590 LP/PH in low contrast (51.3 percent artifacts).
  • At the highest native ISO of 25600, the Z7 records only 572 LP/PH with 48.1 percent artifacts (high contrast) and 295 LP/PH in low contrast areas with 75.2 percent artifacts.'
Thats a whooping near 10% better resolving power at base iso. Thats groundbreaking
Will it take good pictures though?
Absolutely not , that's entirely down to the user :-)
 
”103 percent of the theoretical maximum”

:-)
I believe the theoretical maximum they are talking about assumes 100% effective fill factor. Slanted edge MTF testing measures pixel aperture. Reducing the pixel effective aperture below that giving 100% fill will give sharper results than an ideal AA-less sensor at 100% fill.

An extreme example of this is the Fuji GFX, which has deliberately small micro lenses, and gives off the charts MTFs.

Comparing undemosaiced slanted edge MTF of a AA-less BSI sensors at base ISO with the same lens is essentially measuring the characteristics of the microlenses. Not clear to me that's what they did, but that's the high road.

Jim

--
Posted as a regular forum member.
https://blog.kasson.com
 
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Why would anyone expect better sensor performance in terms of resolution? This is basically same sensor with new AF sensors, as Bill Claff's noise test has already shown.
Different microlenses?

--
Posted as a regular forum member.
https://blog.kasson.com
 
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”103 percent of the theoretical maximum”

:-)
I believe the theoretical maximum they are talking about assumes 100% effective fill factor. Slanted edge MTF testing measures pixel aperture. Reducing the pixel effective aperture below that giving 100% fill will give sharper results than an ideal AA-less sensor at 100% fill.

An extreme example of this is the Fuji GFX, which has deliberately small micro lenses, and gives off the charts MTFs.

Comparing undemosaiced slanted edge MTF of a AA-less BSI sensors at base ISO with the same lens is essentially measuring the characteristics of the microlenses. Not clear to me that's what they did, but that's the high road.

Jim
Thanks Jim. The first and only serious reaction on my post. Lets see what other reviews will bring out...
 
”103 percent of the theoretical maximum”

:-)
I believe the theoretical maximum they are talking about assumes 100% effective fill factor. Slanted edge MTF testing measures pixel aperture. Reducing the pixel effective aperture below that giving 100% fill will give sharper results than an ideal AA-less sensor at 100% fill.

An extreme example of this is the Fuji GFX, which has deliberately small micro lenses, and gives off the charts MTFs.

Comparing undemosaiced slanted edge MTF of a AA-less BSI sensors at base ISO with the same lens is essentially measuring the characteristics of the microlenses. Not clear to me that's what they did, but that's the high road.

Jim
Thanks Jim. The first and only serious reaction on my post. Lets see what other reviews will bring out...
If you want to see some MTFs that are way outside of what you could get with a perfect lens and 100% effective fill factor, look here:


Jim
 
”103 percent of the theoretical maximum”

:-)
I believe the theoretical maximum they are talking about assumes 100% effective fill factor. Slanted edge MTF testing measures pixel aperture. Reducing the pixel effective aperture below that giving 100% fill will give sharper results than an ideal AA-less sensor at 100% fill.

An extreme example of this is the Fuji GFX, which has deliberately small micro lenses, and gives off the charts MTFs.

Comparing undemosaiced slanted edge MTF of a AA-less BSI sensors at base ISO with the same lens is essentially measuring the characteristics of the microlenses. Not clear to me that's what they did, but that's the high road.

Jim
Of course, another way to get MTF's way over what you'd expect from a perfect lens on a 100% fill factor sensor is to sharpen the image. And that includes the stealth sharpening performed by some raw developers and most in-camera-JPEGs.

Any tester worth her salt will set things up so there is no sharpening, or that at least it is the same when comparing two sensors. Using default raw developer settings for two different cameras, won't necessarily accomplish the latter.

Jim
 
”103 percent of the theoretical maximum”

:-)
I believe the theoretical maximum they are talking about assumes 100% effective fill factor. Slanted edge MTF testing measures pixel aperture. Reducing the pixel effective aperture below that giving 100% fill will give sharper results than an ideal AA-less sensor at 100% fill.

An extreme example of this is the Fuji GFX, which has deliberately small micro lenses, and gives off the charts MTFs.

Comparing undemosaiced slanted edge MTF of a AA-less BSI sensors at base ISO with the same lens is essentially measuring the characteristics of the microlenses. Not clear to me that's what they did, but that's the high road.

Jim
Of course, another way to get MTF's way over what you'd expect from a perfect lens on a 100% fill factor sensor is to sharpen the image. And that includes the stealth sharpening performed by some raw developers and most in-camera-JPEGs.

Any tester worth her salt will set things up so there is no sharpening, or that at least it is the same when comparing two sensors. Using default raw developer settings for two different cameras, won't necessarily accomplish the latter.

Jim
They detail here what they do for testing:

 
Of course, another way to get MTF's way over what you'd expect from a perfect lens on a 100% fill factor sensor is to sharpen the image. And that includes the stealth sharpening performed by some raw developers and most in-camera-JPEGs.
Jim, they tested JPEGs at default sharpening settings. They even include a set of tests of the sharpening overshoot/undershoot. You can follow the link and check it out for yourself.
Any tester worth her salt will set things up so there is no sharpening, or that at least it is the same when comparing two sensors. Using default raw developer settings for two different cameras, won't necessarily accomplish the latter.
The testing outfit that PDN uses, a German lab called Image Engineering, looks perfectly legitimate to me. Been around quite a long time, and they claim one of their tests is on its way to becoming an ISO standard. But the testing suite they used for the Z7 is not intended to reveal the things that most of us here are looking for.

It appears that Image Engineering makes most of their money testing devices where there is no need, or even ability, to isolate the sensor. Their tests are designed to reveal total imaging system performance—in cell phones, security cameras, video inspection machine vision systems etc. For that purpose, their tests are probably perfectly fine. (I haven't dug deep enough to really know.)

What they have revealed about the Z7 is total system performance, with a specific S-Line lens, at default JPEG settings. Nothing wrong with that, but not what many folks on these forums are particularly interested in. (It's certainly not how I would use a Z7.)

As an aside, I've done basically similar tests on 75+ point-and-shoot cameras over the past 20 years, in the course of reviewing them. It makes perfect sense with a camera that will be used at default JPEG settings by 98% of its owners. Doesn't make as much sense with a Z7 class camera.
 
”103 percent of the theoretical maximum”

:-)
I believe the theoretical maximum they are talking about assumes 100% effective fill factor. Slanted edge MTF testing measures pixel aperture. Reducing the pixel effective aperture below that giving 100% fill will give sharper results than an ideal AA-less sensor at 100% fill.

An extreme example of this is the Fuji GFX, which has deliberately small micro lenses, and gives off the charts MTFs.

Comparing undemosaiced slanted edge MTF of a AA-less BSI sensors at base ISO with the same lens is essentially measuring the characteristics of the microlenses. Not clear to me that's what they did, but that's the high road.

Jim
Of course, another way to get MTF's way over what you'd expect from a perfect lens on a 100% fill factor sensor is to sharpen the image. And that includes the stealth sharpening performed by some raw developers and most in-camera-JPEGs.

Any tester worth her salt will set things up so there is no sharpening, or that at least it is the same when comparing two sensors. Using default raw developer settings for two different cameras, won't necessarily accomplish the latter.

Jim
They detail here what they do for testing:

http://www.tipa.com/_assets/pdf/TIPA_Camera_Test_Image_Engineering.pdf
Thanks. Not slanted edge, but Siemens star. But I didn't see how the image was processed. Is this done before demosaicing?

Jim
 
Of course, another way to get MTF's way over what you'd expect from a perfect lens on a 100% fill factor sensor is to sharpen the image. And that includes the stealth sharpening performed by some raw developers and most in-camera-JPEGs.
Jim, they tested JPEGs at default sharpening settings.
Then the numbers are pretty useless for judging how sharp raw files would be.
They even include a set of tests of the sharpening overshoot/undershoot. You can follow the link and check it out for yourself.
Any tester worth her salt will set things up so there is no sharpening, or that at least it is the same when comparing two sensors. Using default raw developer settings for two different cameras, won't necessarily accomplish the latter.
The testing outfit that PDN uses, a German lab called Image Engineering, looks perfectly legitimate to me. Been around quite a long time, and they claim one of their tests is on its way to becoming an ISO standard. But the testing suite they used for the Z7 is not intended to reveal the things that most of us here are looking for.

It appears that Image Engineering makes most of their money testing devices where there is no need, or even ability, to isolate the sensor. Their tests are designed to reveal total imaging system performance—in cell phones, security cameras, video inspection machine vision systems etc. For that purpose, their tests are probably perfectly fine. (I haven't dug deep enough to really know.)

What they have revealed about the Z7 is total system performance, with a specific S-Line lens, at default JPEG settings. Nothing wrong with that, but not what many folks on these forums are particularly interested in. (It's certainly not how I would use a Z7.)
Check.
As an aside, I've done basically similar tests on 75+ point-and-shoot cameras over the past 20 years, in the course of reviewing them. It makes perfect sense with a camera that will be used at default JPEG settings by 98% of its owners. Doesn't make as much sense with a Z7 class camera.
 
Found a Nikon Rumors post about a IR interview done in Japan, with three Nikon engineers, and were asked about the two sensors, basically the same for raw and visibly better for jpgs because of Expeed 6. Question how much better, i guess that’s what the Pdnonline test is trying to say?
 
Found a Nikon Rumors post about a IR interview done in Japan, with three Nikon engineers, and were asked about the two sensors, basically the same for raw and visibly better for jpgs because of Expeed 6. Question how much better, i guess that’s what the Pdnonline test is trying to say?
In deed, a valid point here!
 

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