It's possible (at least part of what) you are looking for is a cross-processing look. Film, basically, was designed to be processed using a specific chemistry. Weird colors could be achieved by using the "wrong" development process. Try searching for "cross processing".
Also, color film is balanced to be exposed under either daylight or tungsten light, and weird colors can result from using one type of film in the other type of light. You said you're new to photography so I'm making generalizations and simplifications, and not going into practice or terminology like "color temperature".
Using Photoshop or Lightroom or Gimp, you could achieve these looks by altering the colors and contrast of your image.
Lightroom has a suite of one-click "presets" that include film looks. They don't emulate one type of film, like "Velvia", but a look like "Bleach Bypass".
The Nik Collection is now free from Google, and includes some film effects.
https://www.google.com/nikcollection/
I believe the Nik Suite is not a stand-alone program, and you will need an application to launch it. Like, Lightroom. VSCO is another suite of filters that emulates film types.
https://vsco.co/store/film
I am not aware of any way to emulate light leaks except through your own artistry. You would have to use Photoshop or Gimp or some similar program, and do it yourself. You could probably do a simple one inside Lightroom with a graduated filter.
