Street shooters tips, stories and legal advice.

I used swivel bodied Nikon CoolPix 4500 for street shots.
A. The pivot allows for from-the-hip shots.
B. It doesn't really look much like a what people think of as a camera. ;-)

I've been using my GH2 for a bit of street and subway shooting. The articulated LCD is great because not only can I shoot from the hip, but I can point the camera off to the side, frame and shoot, when I'm not even looking directly at the person. It works great!
 
Actually it's illegal in countries ruled by the Napoleon's Code civil (France and Québec). Street shots can be taken there but you will have to show your pictures privately.
My understanding of Quebec law (I am by no means an expert) is that one may not publish photos (for profit or not) of recognizable individuals unless there's a public interest in doing so, or the person gives permission.

Here's the relevant part of the Civil Code:

"the use of a person's name, image, likeness or voice for a purpose other than the legitimate information of the public is an invasion of privacy."

Here's a lengthy discussion of the matter. I haven't read all of it, but should be of interest to anyone shooting here:

http://www.flickr.com/groups/montreal/discuss/72157594202172390/

Personally, I try to keep individuals in my public photos unrecognizable (face not showing, etc.), wherever I go, and whether I plan to "publish" or not, and I do take Facebook, Flickr, etc. to mean publishing/disseminating. It can be an interesting challenge. Obviously, asking permission is also an option and I also do that.

However, I do not bother about permission etc. if the person is clearly not the subject of the photo, and is merely incidental to the shot.
 
My advice:
  1. Take a woman with you when shooting, if possible.
  2. Don't take pics of kids unless you're following rule #1.
When I photograph outside, I'll occasionally keep the camera to my face and pan sideways and talk to myself as though shooting a video (and my camera doesn't even take video!) I don't really care about getting harassed, but I want people to feel as comfortable as possible -- partially because it makes for better images, and partially to be a considerate person.

I also keep business cards on hand (I do website work). If someone has an issue, I could quickly diffuse the situation by playing the part of a pro photographer.

Edit: I also will ask permission when in close quarters, like at a recent tattoo convention.
 
... In Paris the Eiffel tower night lights are managed by a private company and as such, it's forbidden to photograph it.
???
Really? If I'll go in Paris, will I can't take photos of Eiffel tower by night?
It sounds incredible to my ears.

Bye
 
My advice:
  1. Take a woman with you when shooting, if possible.
  2. Don't take pics of kids unless you're following rule #1.
I've often thought this as well. It's much easier for women, or even young men (can play the student photographer card) to photograph strangers. Being a 40-year-old man I know that most people would view me with suspicion if I'm out taking photos of people by myself. Of course now that I am a father it will be easier for me to take photos of people when I'm with my daughter. Then again I will be too busy spending time with her and taking photos of her to focus on strangers.
When I photograph outside, I'll occasionally keep the camera to my face and pan sideways and talk to myself as though shooting a video (and my camera doesn't even take video!) I don't really care about getting harassed, but I want people to feel as comfortable as possible -- partially because it makes for better images, and partially to be a considerate person.
Now that's a neat trick! I'll definitely try this sometime.
I also keep business cards on hand (I do website work). If someone has an issue, I could quickly diffuse the situation by playing the part of a pro photographer.
This is a great tip and one that I have used before. People are much more receptive if you have a business card to lend a little more credibility to yourself... especially if you are giving them a way to view the photo and contact you. I am not primarily a professional photographer, but I do have a business license and occasionally shoot paying gigs or sell prints. I don't think it's necessary to be a pro though. Amateurs can simply hand out cards that say, "Amateur Photographer" and list the website and email address. It also doesn't hurt to have a little spiel prepared for the inevitable, "So why do you want to take my photo?" question. I give people totally honest straightforward answers because I have nothing to hide, and I think that puts them at ease. I usually just tell them that I find people to be interesting subjects for photography, that they tell more of a story than a photo that just shows the scenery, and that there is a historical value in it as well. I also might tell them that I may or may not use the photo in an online or print gallery. It depends on how it comes out. I do not sell photographs for stock at this time, so I do not ask for model release signatures. I may start doing this since some photography contests require it (some galleries prefer it as well so they can use the photos they want to promote the gallery), but that might also make some people more comfortable. Or not. Depends on the person. Some people love feeling special and would happily sign a model release. Others are even more suspicious about signing contracts or releases than they are about having their photo taken.
 
My advice:
  1. Take a woman with you when shooting, if possible.
  2. Don't take pics of kids unless you're following rule #1.
I've often thought this as well. It's much easier for women, or even young men (can play the student photographer card) to photograph strangers.
In addition to the student photographer look, you can also use the following costumes:

(1) Tourist. Hawaiian shirt, socks and sandals, fanny pack, etc. The locals will ignore you because they perceive tourists as harmless.

(2) Artist. Many possible looks here (hipster, gothic, punk, etc.), but the key is to look creative. People think you're just a eccentric but harmless artist taking photos because its your passion.

(3) Photojournalist or official photographer (works better with SLR-like form factor). Dress up, wear a tie and maybe even a sport coat. Keep your work badge clipped your belt or dangling on a lanyard on your neck. If people think you're on some sort of official business, they'll generally ignore you. This is my usual costume as I often shoot on the way to or from my office, which has a business casual (bordering on formal) dress code.
 
Believe me... Older people in China and Japan, specially in rural area still believes that.
 
???
Really? If I'll go in Paris, will I can't take photos of Eiffel tower by night?
It sounds incredible to my ears.
I am not joking. The lights they turn on at night are managed by a private company, who holds "Intellectual Property" on the light show. They say if you take pictures of it you "steal their intellectual property". Welcome to 21st century. Policemen will enforce that rule, just dont shoot the tower if they can see you...
 
Was your last visit to China like 100years ago or something?
I've spent 3 weeks in November 2009 and 3 other weeks (in Shanghai alone) last September:

 
Everywhere else, that's legal. In China, some people believe that if you take a picture of them, you're stealing their soul. Those who don't want to be photographed will just cross their arms in front of their chest.
Some Native Americans have similar beliefs. I visited a number of reservations in the American Southwest in the early 1990s and I remember the Hopi being very clear that photography was not welcome. At least not of Hopi people and definitely not of any ceremonial dances. My understanding is that they have relaxed their rules since then, but photographing ceremonies and dancing is still not allowed without special permission.

Whenever you visit another culture it's a good idea to learn not just the laws, but also the cultural expectations when it comes to photograph (and other types of interactions). Even if the law is on your side, that doesn't mean it will be right there to protect you if you offend the wrong person. Of course everyone is different and one person might be offended while their neighbor will be perfectly happy to pose. Same thing everywhere... it's just easier to read someone's body language when it's a culture you're more familiar with.
 
Years ago I used a device which looked like a deep lens hood with a cutout and a 45 degree mounted optical quality mirror. So you would point the lens 45 degrees away from the subject. Worked quite well. Do not know if they are still made.
billbourd
 
I did a class on street photography at ICP in New York, and the instructor was very adamant about using nothing longer than 35mm (on APS-C), and picked locations for each class member where we'd be aliens of the most obvious, and perhaps fearful, kind. I'm a big older white guy, and I got assigned to a part of Brooklyn rich with global culture and questionable immigration status. I thought, just shoot me now.

Then we were coached on how to interact with subjects... take the long view, go back to the same places where the same people hang... build a relationship... always ask permission to shoot anyone, maybe just a nod or a wink, but don't shoot anyone who doesn't want to be photographed. I thought - so this is a waste.

The images I got in the first week astounded me. The more weeks passed, the more breathless I got. By asking permission and respecting the answer, I suddenly found myself photographing in situations I would have never even known about. Got invited to birthdays, wakes, weddings, christenings. Got some of the best street shots of my life in the first few weeks.

Shot there for three more years, after the class was over.

I realized that I hate to be photographed. Many people do. But by respecting the nervousness and shyness, I suddenly was allowed to document nervousness and shyness. Invited, actually.

I've now been to many countries and locations in my home country where there is no person who looks more out of place than me, and came home with images that made me humbled and grateful. A little respect goes a tremendously long way. I now take nothing longer than 50mm on a street shoot.

I know there are some who don't want to engage with subjects, but I think they're missing an incredible opportunity. I've found that the return on respect happens in minutes, not hours.
 
Great story and great advice. I also use a field of view equivalent to 35mm or wider about 95% of the time. Some days I'm up for the interactions and some days I'm not. I don't ask permission, but I don't push it and I don't hide - I'm out there shooting and if people give me a dirty look I don't shoot them. The idea is to catch them having their moment, not mine, so I'm not doing a lot of interacting, but I'm right there in the scrum with them. I never feel like I'm invading anyone's privacy because I'm already there and its not privacy out in public - I'm already freely looking at them with my eyes and the camera is just a slightly more permanent version of the same thing.

Today I went out to test the GH2's ability to focus quickly and accurately with a long lens. Went to the dog park and shot a dog running around to catch some action. And then I shot some on the streets of my town. And while I got a few decent photographs, I have to say that shooting with a long lens when people don't even know you're there, let alone that you're taking photographs of them, feels FAR more invasive to me than taking a shot of them from 3-5 feet away. Sort of like a spy or a voyeur rather than a participant. Very strange feeling. I think there's a place for it - its such a different perspective and its always good to broaden your horizons. But its not really what I think of at street shooting because I could be anywhere controlling a camera with a remote or something.

Street shooting is the most difficult and random type of photography I've ever done or probably ever will. Its much less about the finer points of image quality (95% of my street shots end up in B&W because they just say more to me that way) and much more about the ability to frame and adjust and anticipate a lot of moving parts and variables on the fly. I feel like its a lucky accident to some extent when I get something I like, but I have to be out there working hard at it to get those lucky accidents to happen. And I usually don't have a good feel for which shots worked in the field - its not until I get home and pull them up on the computer that I find the gems. Sometimes I remember shooting them and thinking "this could be good" and some times I have no memory of taking a particular shot that turns out to be the best one of the day. Fun stuff. Like hunting, but without the death.

-Ray
 
Firstly, those 45 degree mirrors that slap on the end of lenses do work really well, i've only seen them used but you can get the most direct candid photo's because you are pointing a completely different way, i'm not sure what would happen if they noticed it and realised what was going on tho (to me anyway it's quite obvious what it's doing), might get interesting.

Ok so you don't HAVE to stick to lenses under 35mm, for instance the nifty fifty (50mm f1.8) was my first street lens, very nice and very common. Of course the 20mm F1.7 is 40mm and I find is a perfect balance, sometimes I do wish for wider though, but THERE ARE NO RULES, how can there be in something that is meant to be creative, what people state as rules are really just guidelines for what has worked in the past. I think it's all about creativity, and the more you shoot the better you get at it and more comfortable you get. I never ask permission, to me that would destroy the photo, it'a all about body language, if you feel like you can be there taking the photo it will come across that way. I've had a few evil stares, one street musician asked not to be photographed, I obliged, but that's all i've had in 2 years. There was a really good series on street photography I saw a while back which showed pro's doing it (can't remember what it was, it wasn't on youtube though:(), they got amazingly close and even on the ground and framed people, nobody seemed to notice! I must find this video again and post it!!

You learn what you can and can't take, it's feeling the flow of the city (or town I suppose). This only came with time for me, now there's a feeling for what I can take and it gets easier and easier, and a lot of are just straight up photo's of people right infront of me.

Few tips:
  • If you notice a fairly static scene, take photo's of things around it first, then of it directly (I liked the tip about pretending to take a video, different take on it)
  • If you're taking a photo of someone fairly close and direct, after taking it, stare passed them like you're interested in what's behind them, don't make eye contact unless it feels like they're staring at you (like how you'd look at anyone staring at you), then just smile, you're allowed, i'm respectful if they approach but they never seem to.
  • Walk slowly, all your motions should be fairly slow, slower than the general pace of the crowd around you, don't suddenly jerk the camera to your eye, look "considered and relaxed".
  • As composition general goes, you're not often framing the subject directly in the middle, therefore focus on something in the same plane (ground even) and look like you're shooting past them.
  • Occasionally if it's a difficult shot i'll pretend to be frustrated with my camera, like it isn't working properly, checking things and pressing buttons, inspecting it closely and taking "test shots", people can notice you this way but they generally never say or do anything because it kinda makes sense.
  • Keep your arms in and at your side, you should only really see the outline of your torso, it reduces your impact significantly, I only noticed this after seeing my shadow in some shots with my arms out wide :)
  • I could go on and on but the main thing is, public life is your canvas, you aren't a pervert, you aren't a criminal, you're doing nothing wrong and in fact if you get really good you are doing a service to the place, you've got to exude this confidence. Some days it just doesn't feel right you're in the wrong frame of mind and that's fine, some days it feels great, trust your intuition.
I love good street photo's, there are a lot of bad street photo's about, every 6 months or so I start to hate my old stuff because I feel i've progressed, try to have a critical eye and not just snap random strangers doing nothing, frame things like actual photo's, shoot from the hip but realise you'll get about 1 in 100 from this, sometimes it's the only way though, there is always luck involved anyway. Have fun!! :) :)

Oh and don't be afraid to leave your ISO on 400 even in good light (unless clipping the max SS), and did I mention shoot in aperture or shutter priority.
 
Indeed, many traditional societies are iconoclastic. But I think that almost anyone has a leftover of Magical thinking, according to which the loss of one's image is associated with the soul being stolen.

We have somehow managed to strike a middle way, with privacy laws and intellectual rights. however this was blown away with the spreading of CCTV cameras.

It is a funny counterpoint that we can now use those same lenses on our cameras.

Am.
--
Photostream: http://www.flickr.com/photos/amalric
 
Years ago I used a device which looked like a deep lens hood with a cutout and a 45 degree mounted optical quality mirror. So you would point the lens 45 degrees away from the subject. Worked quite well. Do not know if they are still made.
billbourd
What are these things called? I'm not sure I'd use it much, I like the idea of approaching subjects the way Gethenderson mentioned a lot more, but it would be interesting to try this mirror out.
 
I did a class on street photography at ICP in New York, and the instructor was very adamant about using nothing longer than 35mm (on APS-C), and picked locations for each class member where we'd be aliens of the most obvious, and perhaps fearful, kind. I'm a big older white guy, and I got assigned to a part of Brooklyn rich with global culture and questionable immigration status. I thought, just shoot me now.

Then we were coached on how to interact with subjects... take the long view, go back to the same places where the same people hang... build a relationship... always ask permission to shoot anyone, maybe just a nod or a wink, but don't shoot anyone who doesn't want to be photographed. I thought - so this is a waste.

The images I got in the first week astounded me. The more weeks passed, the more breathless I got. By asking permission and respecting the answer, I suddenly found myself photographing in situations I would have never even known about. Got invited to birthdays, wakes, weddings, christenings. Got some of the best street shots of my life in the first few weeks.

Shot there for three more years, after the class was over.

I realized that I hate to be photographed. Many people do. But by respecting the nervousness and shyness, I suddenly was allowed to document nervousness and shyness. Invited, actually.

I've now been to many countries and locations in my home country where there is no person who looks more out of place than me, and came home with images that made me humbled and grateful. A little respect goes a tremendously long way. I now take nothing longer than 50mm on a street shoot.

I know there are some who don't want to engage with subjects, but I think they're missing an incredible opportunity. I've found that the return on respect happens in minutes, not hours.
Great story! I've never tried this before, but it sounds like a great approach. Maybe I'll have to try that class at ICP. :D How do you usually approach your subjects? Did you find a way to send them a link to the photos or give them prints?

Also, I'm do you think your choice of camera affected how people saw you? Perhaps a small camera like an E-PL1 with a 17mm might be less intimidating, but then again maybe a bigger SLR style camera and tripod gives a impression you're "real photographer" and not just some random person with a compact camera. Did your choice of gear ever get comments from the people you photographed?
 
???
Really? If I'll go in Paris, will I can't take photos of Eiffel tower by night?
It sounds incredible to my ears.
I am not joking. The lights they turn on at night are managed by a private company, who holds "Intellectual Property" on the light show. They say if you take pictures of it you "steal their intellectual property". Welcome to 21st century. Policemen will enforce that rule, just dont shoot the tower if they can see you...
OK I lived in Paris for 10 years.

Of course you can take pictures of the Eiffel tower at night without being hassled by the police... you just can't use the pictures for a commercial purpose without permission - just the same as if you were shooting a model.

Now if you set up a tripod in the street or have an obvioulsy pro video camera, then yes you might be asked to show that you have permission to take shots.

K

--
if you really must see my photos then try
http://www.flickr.com/photos/kevinparis2007/
 
Some Native Americans have similar beliefs. I visited a number of reservations in the American Southwest in the early 1990s and I remember the Hopi being very clear that photography was not welcome. At least not of Hopi people and definitely not of any ceremonial dances. My understanding is that they have relaxed their rules since then, but photographing ceremonies and dancing is still not allowed without special permission.

Whenever you visit another culture it's a good idea to learn not just the laws, but also the cultural expectations when it comes to photograph (and other types of interactions). Even if the law is on your side, that doesn't mean it will be right there to protect you if you offend the wrong person. Of course everyone is different and one person might be offended while their neighbor will be perfectly happy to pose. Same thing everywhere... it's just easier to read someone's body language when it's a culture you're more familiar with.
The main problem in 'touristy' areas, is that it's easy to read body language - they hold out their hands for payment!

Mike
--
Mike Davis
Photographing the public for over 50 years
http://www.flickr.com/photos/watchman
 

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