fuji reala film resolution vs digital

John Wendeln

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--
JRW III

I've been trying to find an answer to the question reguarding resolution of film vs digital. Most of the discussions, at least the ones ive seen do not answer the question the way I want, so can someone help? First I want to compare a traditional film print (not scanned and then printed) to a digital print. which has better resolution? The one thing that ive come up with but dont know if it is valid is this. Fugi states that reala can resolve approx 125 line pairs per mm with a 1000:1 contrast and 63 lpm at 10:1 contrast. Pop photo states that the nikon d1x has a horizontal resolution of about 1500+ lines. Since a line pair consists of one black and one white line then the d1x would produce 750 line pairs per 36 mm frame size. ( I know the ccd is slightly smaller and will affect this calculation). Therefore 750 / 36 = 21 lpm. much lower than film! I dont know if this is correct and no one seems to list resolution in line pairs per millimeter. At the end of the day though, calculations aside, If my final desired output is a traditional enlarged print from reala, can I expect to get the same , better or worse results in a digital pic that is made into the same size print?
 
IMHO, it depends on the size of the print. It also depends on which digital camera you are talking about. If you are using the D1x or the Kodak 760 and an 8x10 print size, I think it might be difficult to tell the difference. This is assuming that the digital process is executed flawlessly. One of the many variables here is the lens. If you are assuming the same lens on both SLR and DSLR, this is not an issue. You also have the lab/enlarger factor, I've seen many traditional prints that look like garbage compared to Motophoto and I've seen some that are works of art in and of themselves.

I learned awhile back not to get hung up in numbers. Sometimes they are helpful, but often it is the the ambience of a photo that makes the difference. The bottom line is: if you want prints of 11x14 and larger to be of the maximum quality, stick with film for a while longer. Consider getting something cheaper in digital, a 3.3 or 4 mp "point and shoot" and go out and have some fun!
--
JRW III
I've been trying to find an answer to the question reguarding
resolution of film vs digital. Most of the discussions, at least
the ones ive seen do not answer the question the way I want, so can
someone help? First I want to compare a traditional film print
(not scanned and then printed) to a digital print. which has
better resolution? The one thing that ive come up with but dont
know if it is valid is this. Fugi states that reala can resolve
approx 125 line pairs per mm with a 1000:1 contrast and 63 lpm at
10:1 contrast. Pop photo states that the nikon d1x has a
horizontal resolution of about 1500+ lines. Since a line pair
consists of one black and one white line then the d1x would produce
750 line pairs per 36 mm frame size. ( I know the ccd is slightly
smaller and will affect this calculation). Therefore 750 / 36 = 21
lpm. much lower than film! I dont know if this is correct and no
one seems to list resolution in line pairs per millimeter. At the
end of the day though, calculations aside, If my final desired
output is a traditional enlarged print from reala, can I expect to
get the same , better or worse results in a digital pic that is
made into the same size print?
 
John,

You might like to take a look at this link if you haven't already - http://www.normankoren.com/Tutorials/MTF7.html . This page has an in-depth discussion on the digital vs film debate. My opinion is that with my E-20 I get comparable results, certainly for up to 8x10 inch prints. I haven't tried anything bigger that that but other forum members have reported good results at over twice that size. I would love to see enlargments from the new Fuji S2 Pro, with image sizes of 12 megapixels they should be something to behold.

Regards

Andy
--
JRW III
I've been trying to find an answer to the question reguarding
resolution of film vs digital. Most of the discussions, at least
the ones ive seen do not answer the question the way I want, so can
someone help? First I want to compare a traditional film print
(not scanned and then printed) to a digital print. which has
better resolution? The one thing that ive come up with but dont
know if it is valid is this. Fugi states that reala can resolve
approx 125 line pairs per mm with a 1000:1 contrast and 63 lpm at
10:1 contrast. Pop photo states that the nikon d1x has a
horizontal resolution of about 1500+ lines. Since a line pair
consists of one black and one white line then the d1x would produce
750 line pairs per 36 mm frame size. ( I know the ccd is slightly
smaller and will affect this calculation). Therefore 750 / 36 = 21
lpm. much lower than film! I dont know if this is correct and no
one seems to list resolution in line pairs per millimeter. At the
end of the day though, calculations aside, If my final desired
output is a traditional enlarged print from reala, can I expect to
get the same , better or worse results in a digital pic that is
made into the same size print?
 
Andy,
Thanks!!!!!
The web site you mentioned was great and just what I was looking for.
You might like to take a look at this link if you haven't already -
http://www.normankoren.com/Tutorials/MTF7.html . This page has an
in-depth discussion on the digital vs film debate. My opinion is
that with my E-20 I get comparable results, certainly for up to
8x10 inch prints. I haven't tried anything bigger that that but
other forum members have reported good results at over twice that
size. I would love to see enlargments from the new Fuji S2 Pro,
with image sizes of 12 megapixels they should be something to
behold.

Regards

Andy
--
JRW III
I've been trying to find an answer to the question reguarding
resolution of film vs digital. Most of the discussions, at least
the ones ive seen do not answer the question the way I want, so can
someone help? First I want to compare a traditional film print
(not scanned and then printed) to a digital print. which has
better resolution? The one thing that ive come up with but dont
know if it is valid is this. Fugi states that reala can resolve
approx 125 line pairs per mm with a 1000:1 contrast and 63 lpm at
10:1 contrast. Pop photo states that the nikon d1x has a
horizontal resolution of about 1500+ lines. Since a line pair
consists of one black and one white line then the d1x would produce
750 line pairs per 36 mm frame size. ( I know the ccd is slightly
smaller and will affect this calculation). Therefore 750 / 36 = 21
lpm. much lower than film! I dont know if this is correct and no
one seems to list resolution in line pairs per millimeter. At the
end of the day though, calculations aside, If my final desired
output is a traditional enlarged print from reala, can I expect to
get the same , better or worse results in a digital pic that is
made into the same size print?
--
JRW III
 
And also look at http://www.luminous-landscape.com/d30_vs_film.htm
on Michael Reichmann's site.
You might like to take a look at this link if you haven't already -
http://www.normankoren.com/Tutorials/MTF7.html . This page has an
in-depth discussion on the digital vs film debate. My opinion is
that with my E-20 I get comparable results, certainly for up to
8x10 inch prints. I haven't tried anything bigger that that but
other forum members have reported good results at over twice that
size. I would love to see enlargments from the new Fuji S2 Pro,
with image sizes of 12 megapixels they should be something to
behold.

Regards

Andy
--
JRW III
I've been trying to find an answer to the question reguarding
resolution of film vs digital. Most of the discussions, at least
the ones ive seen do not answer the question the way I want, so can
someone help? First I want to compare a traditional film print
(not scanned and then printed) to a digital print. which has
better resolution? The one thing that ive come up with but dont
know if it is valid is this. Fugi states that reala can resolve
approx 125 line pairs per mm with a 1000:1 contrast and 63 lpm at
10:1 contrast. Pop photo states that the nikon d1x has a
horizontal resolution of about 1500+ lines. Since a line pair
consists of one black and one white line then the d1x would produce
750 line pairs per 36 mm frame size. ( I know the ccd is slightly
smaller and will affect this calculation). Therefore 750 / 36 = 21
lpm. much lower than film! I dont know if this is correct and no
one seems to list resolution in line pairs per millimeter. At the
end of the day though, calculations aside, If my final desired
output is a traditional enlarged print from reala, can I expect to
get the same , better or worse results in a digital pic that is
made into the same size print?
 
And if you really want your eyes opened, you should see (and think about) this:

http://www.luminous-landscape.com/d60.htm

But keep in mind that Michael Reichmann did not do his film scans at the current standard of 4000 dpi, only 3200 dpi. If he scanned at 4000 dpi, each of his film scans would have 25% greater height, and 25% greater width.

And don't listen to those who say if you scan at 4000 dpi you are "only scanning grain". With some films, yes, but you can avoid them. Here is an unresized, "actual pixels" crop from a 4000 dpi scan of Provia 100F film that I shot at, and had push processed to, ASA 200:



This portion is 1.1% of the full 21 Mpixel scan.

And currently Minolta has a film scanner that will scan 35mm at 4800 dpi--add on 50% to each dimension of Michael Reichmann's 35mm scans.

And, while you are at it, look at:

http://kenrockwell.com/tech/digicam.htm

It's always refreshing to see some truth, not just more cheerleading from a missionary...

My best regards,

Ed
You might like to take a look at this link if you haven't already -
http://www.normankoren.com/Tutorials/MTF7.html . This page has an
in-depth discussion on the digital vs film debate. My opinion is
that with my E-20 I get comparable results, certainly for up to
8x10 inch prints. I haven't tried anything bigger that that but
other forum members have reported good results at over twice that
size. I would love to see enlargments from the new Fuji S2 Pro,
with image sizes of 12 megapixels they should be something to
behold.

Regards

Andy
--
JRW III
I've been trying to find an answer to the question reguarding
resolution of film vs digital. Most of the discussions, at least
the ones ive seen do not answer the question the way I want, so can
someone help? First I want to compare a traditional film print
(not scanned and then printed) to a digital print. which has
better resolution? The one thing that ive come up with but dont
know if it is valid is this. Fugi states that reala can resolve
approx 125 line pairs per mm with a 1000:1 contrast and 63 lpm at
10:1 contrast. Pop photo states that the nikon d1x has a
horizontal resolution of about 1500+ lines. Since a line pair
consists of one black and one white line then the d1x would produce
750 line pairs per 36 mm frame size. ( I know the ccd is slightly
smaller and will affect this calculation). Therefore 750 / 36 = 21
lpm. much lower than film! I dont know if this is correct and no
one seems to list resolution in line pairs per millimeter. At the
end of the day though, calculations aside, If my final desired
output is a traditional enlarged print from reala, can I expect to
get the same , better or worse results in a digital pic that is
made into the same size print?
 
Not that this will answer your question, but it is related. I did some shooting around town with a number of cameras all taking the same images. Among them were my Olympus Stylus Epic (pns 35mm) and an Oly 3040 (3meg digital). This was done on low end film, the prints were only 4x5, but it was developed at a good place (not Walmart or Costco). Even at this size there were details that just couldn't be seen in the digital images (such as individual blinds in a window of a distant house, or license plate numbers) that could be seen in the point-and-shoot images. A loop was used to view the prints. Additionally, on this size print the stylus epic images were very close in quality to images taken with a Nikon N80 and a nikon f1.4 50mm lens. Unfortunately I needed to move to get the same frame coverage so the comparison there isn't great.

My point: it is often said here that you must specify the size of the print if you want to compare digital to film, but even on norm size prints there is a detectable difference.

-Mark
--
JRW III
I've been trying to find an answer to the question reguarding
resolution of film vs digital. Most of the discussions, at least
the ones ive seen do not answer the question the way I want, so can
someone help? First I want to compare a traditional film print
(not scanned and then printed) to a digital print. which has
better resolution? The one thing that ive come up with but dont
know if it is valid is this. Fugi states that reala can resolve
approx 125 line pairs per mm with a 1000:1 contrast and 63 lpm at
10:1 contrast. Pop photo states that the nikon d1x has a
horizontal resolution of about 1500+ lines. Since a line pair
consists of one black and one white line then the d1x would produce
750 line pairs per 36 mm frame size. ( I know the ccd is slightly
smaller and will affect this calculation). Therefore 750 / 36 = 21
lpm. much lower than film! I dont know if this is correct and no
one seems to list resolution in line pairs per millimeter. At the
end of the day though, calculations aside, If my final desired
output is a traditional enlarged print from reala, can I expect to
get the same , better or worse results in a digital pic that is
made into the same size print?
 
I should have mentioned that it was a bright sunny day so the comparison of the film cameras doesn't say much.
My point: it is often said here that you must specify the size of
the print if you want to compare digital to film, but even on norm
size prints there is a detectable difference.

-Mark
--
JRW III
I've been trying to find an answer to the question reguarding
resolution of film vs digital. Most of the discussions, at least
the ones ive seen do not answer the question the way I want, so can
someone help? First I want to compare a traditional film print
(not scanned and then printed) to a digital print. which has
better resolution? The one thing that ive come up with but dont
know if it is valid is this. Fugi states that reala can resolve
approx 125 line pairs per mm with a 1000:1 contrast and 63 lpm at
10:1 contrast. Pop photo states that the nikon d1x has a
horizontal resolution of about 1500+ lines. Since a line pair
consists of one black and one white line then the d1x would produce
750 line pairs per 36 mm frame size. ( I know the ccd is slightly
smaller and will affect this calculation). Therefore 750 / 36 = 21
lpm. much lower than film! I dont know if this is correct and no
one seems to list resolution in line pairs per millimeter. At the
end of the day though, calculations aside, If my final desired
output is a traditional enlarged print from reala, can I expect to
get the same , better or worse results in a digital pic that is
made into the same size print?
 
It's always refreshing to see some truth, not just more
cheerleading from a missionary...
But it's also refreshing to see someone who has "real" experience in both platforms - and unfortunateliy that's not Ken Rockwell... Ken makes numerous statements which not only reveal a rather decided film bias, but also demonstrate his lack of experience with relevant professional digital. His arguments about gamut are just not supported by the evidence.

Michael Reichmann has considerable experience in both film and digital as I have myself. In late 1995 I stopped using 35mm color film for all but the few projects where fim has better utility and replaced it with six megapixel digital. My findings agree very closely with those of Michael's. Six megapixel digital captures can and do produce better large prints in most cases than 35mm color film and considerably greater enlargements can be made with these quality digital originals than with 35mm color film.

The arguments about pulling out more detail without grain in scans over 4000 dpi just don't hold water. Your sample isn't amenable to demonstrate the grain problems. Post an area of sky or of a solid color in the shadows from the same scan and let's see how clean it is. If you are getting clean, grain free prints from 35mm scanned color film or transparencies over about 16x20 you are one in a million because I have never been able to do it, nor have any of my associates. To go larger than this and preserve grain free quality "always" required jumping to medium format. To get the clean, sharp, noise free images I get at 50" and greater from six megapixel digital has always require a large format film platform.

Obviously, these arguments will continue as long as there are multiple platforms, but there is nothing in the 35mm color film platform which has ever convinced me or any of my clients to return to film.

Best regards,

Lin
http://204.42.233.244
 
Well, Hi Lin!!

Gee, I was wondering when we would have a good discussion, though this isn't the one I was planning.

A small amount of background on my post... You see, I was waiting till someone once again trotted out the Michael Reichmann "d30_vs_film" link. (Norman Koren says, for example, that he couldn't reconcile Michael's D30 claims with other data, and now feels with the D60 post that Michael has changed his tune. Norman also feels that Michael's D60 post images support Norman's numbers better than the D60 post text.) My feeling is that Michael perhaps had more things in mind than he was clearly expressing. At any rate, Michael's film/digital use and appreciation are quite balanced.

Okay, Lin, let's talk...

I don't know how much of Ken Rockwell's site you looked at before you concluded that he has a "rather decided film bias", but it seems to me not much. He loves digital cameras. For example, look at how he writes about the D100: http://kenrockwell.com/nikon/d100.htm

And, of course, he owns a Nikon D1H, and writes about it here: http://kenrockwell.com/nikon/d1x.htm

Oh, by the way, he doesn't seem to think a whole lot of 35mm http://kenrockwell.com/tech/format.htm (and gives the briefest of summaries of his digital experience on the same page under the "Digital" heading). Gamut? Certainly sRGB reduces RGB's gamut. RGB's gamut is not perfect either, but at any rate, people now go for "snappy" colors and images. We don't like real color. Velvia is not the answer, D30/D60s are not the answer. Michael Reichman felt that the 1D came closer to color truth than a D30, and he seemed to like D30 colors better.

Oh, you say that your findings agree very closely with those of Michael's. On his D60 page, he states that scanned 35mm will support prints to Super-A3, while A3 is the limit for the D60.

Fine, you stopped using film in 1995. You have your and your clients needs to meet.

I hope I know how to look at things and like to cite resources for people that do the same. Seems to me that Ken knows very much what he is talking about--that doesn't mean that his experience is the same as yours, though. That's life. But hey, poke around on his site some and see what you think.

I put up the particular scan excerpt because I don't think that "grain" ("dye clumps") is anything to whip out the silver crucifixes over. We'll get to your sky and shadow areas in a moment, but what I had put up was a portion of "ASA 200" film scanned at 4000 dpi. Did you see any dye clumps in the crop?

Okay, the full scan from the crop I put up did not have any sky in it, nor did it have any deeply shaded areas. No doubt this won't satisfy you either, but it is again an actual pixels crop from a 4000 dpi scan of Fuji Provia 100F pushed to ASA 200:



This was shot pre-sunrise against some lightening sky. I'm sorry, I am not doing any fresh scans for you, my crops were things I already had on the server.

I can't argue with what you or our associates have seen. We all learn to trust our eyes. After all, we are photographers.

Grain free quality? I must care about it somewhat, I favor fine grain slide films, but I truly like 35mm. I like projecting it and working with good slide films. Yep, a person can go bigger with other formats. I make 300 dpi inkjet "contact prints" of my 4000 dpi scans. Suits me to a tee, and just perhaps people are encouraging me to start working with galleries. But, of course, there are very professional, and well known, landscape photographers who do their work in 35mm.

Okay, the final things. You mentioned shadow noise (grain) and sky noise (grain), hmmm, seems to me the same things people worry about in their digitally originated photographs.

Frankly, in dark areas of my scans scanner noise can be a problem, especially if I increase scan duration to put more light through dark slides. Minolta Multi Pro scanners can go deeper and multi scan to average out the noise. That, of course, will do nothing about any dye clumps, but they don't present me with a problem, nor have I seen that be any special issue with the dark region Multi Pro multiple scan examples I have seen from reviewers. And I could make 360 dpi "contact prints".

Skies, ah skies... They are an interesting situation. People like to use them for an example, and they truly can appear objectionably "noisy". They seem to be more of a problem in my size reduced jpegs than in my 300 dpi prints. Geez, I have a roll of Velvia I had pushed to ASA 200, yeah, Velvia can make grain. Printed the scan at 300 dpi, sharpened the sky a smidge less than the rest of the photograph, you'd never know from an inkjet print how I tortured that poor roll of film. However, a size reduced jpeg of the same frame does need special handling.

But here's the thing. How many people really look at real skies and really think about them? How are skies constructed? Why do they take on any color at all? How many people have looked at the sky makeup between clouds? Or in some region of even non-cloudy skies? Really, skies are massive soups of dust, and moisture, reflection and refraction. There's nothing truly homogeneous about them, though I would expect a sky in a desert region with no airborne dust and 0% humidity to fare better in that respect. I won't claim this is everything, but did you ever wonder how a physical object that has a smooth color somewhere in the sky gamut of possibilities can look so much less noisy? I've looked at skies deeply around where I live. Even "smooth" blue areas have a lot going on in them. When film and digital capture that, and maybe boost contrast a bit, people are going to worry about what they see. How many people really look at a real sky?

My best,

Ed
 
Well, Hi Lin!!

Gee, I was wondering when we would have a good discussion, though
this isn't the one I was planning.
Norman quotes Michael out of contex when he says that he has "changed his tune." Michael hasn't changed his statements in the least. He always said that the D30 shots were only print equivalent or better than scanned Provia up to 10x13 - here is his quote:

"It is inescapable that the D30 produces sharper, better looking images than the scanned film combination at sizes up to about 10 X 13". Larger than this 35mm wins, but it isn't till above 11X15" or so that this starts to become obvious."

Norman sets his tone early with the "changing his tune statement" which is nonesense "straw man" construct. Reichmann's "tune" has never changed, he simply shows that the D60 has more native enlargement potential than the D30 which is only obvious.

Norman
also feels that Michael's D60 post images support Norman's numbers
better than the D60 post text.)
Yes, they are balanced - and numbers - though fun to kick around, don't tell the story, prints do. I see no reason to assume that Michael had anything more in mind - it was just a simple comparison with some surprising results. I think no one was more surprised than Michael...
And, of course, he owns a Nikon D1H, and writes about it here:
http://kenrockwell.com/nikon/d1x.htm
Loving digital and understanding professional digital capabilities are indeed different animals. Ken simply draws his conclusions based on his own experiences which are, by all he reveals, limited to the lower resolution of the D1H and consumer cameras. Though the D1H is a wonderful camera, what it looses in resolution at 2.66 megapixels to a native 6 megapixel sensor are quite significant where cropping and enlargement are concerned.

.... Certainly sRGB reduces RGB's gamut.

Yes, that's pretty much my own experience - I use both the D30 and 1D as well as the DCS-760. But on the issue of shadow detail - that the D30 produced better shadow detail than the scanned Provia is beyond question. Microscopic sections of enlargement from prints reaveal this quite plainly. In shadow detail the D30 won convincingly. In resolution and fine detail rendition, the scanned film won convincingly.

..your findings agree very closely with those of
Michael's...
A3 is certainly not the limit for D60 enlargements except under a worst case scenario. That being where ultra fine detail at great distances make successful interpolation improbable. The same considerations apply to 35mm color - but enlargement potential is much more constrained. Incredibly good, clean and tack sharp enlargements have been made from even D30 captures in excess of 75" from amenable subject materials such as head and shoulder portraits, etc.

You may want to look at these D30 enlargements which this photographer makes:

http://www.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1019&message=2115934

.....Seems to me that Ken knows very much
what he is talking...
Yes, I did. I find that he tends to stick to "common wisdom" concerning film/digital equivalencies - which, unfortunately, is not wisdom at all - but simply assumption based on theory and not supported by practical experience.
.. Did you see any dye clumps in the crop?
I didn't, but the nature of the subject is more like camouflage when it comes to revealing these things. A reasonably large area of uniform color without patterns to break up the image would be far more likely to either strengthen or weaken your case...

Here is an enlargement of your crop which shows the expected grain in the sky areas. Not perhaps a serious problem, but certainly not something you would find in a D30/D60/1D, etc., enlargement.



.. professional, and well known, landscape
photographers who do their work in 35mm.
Yes, and there are very" professional and well known landscape photographers who work with digital also - in some cases it works very well and in other cases medium or large format film is the preferred medium. The tools should be specific to the needs of the task.
Okay, the final things. You mentioned shadow noise (grain) and sky
noise (grain), hmmm, seems to me the same things people worry about
in their digitally originated photographs.
People who use consumer level equipment do indeed worry about these and for good reasons. Professional level sensors are not constrained by these issues as are the much smaller, overcrowded sensors with adverse signal to noise ratios as found in consumer digital equipment...
Frankly, in dark areas of my scans scanner noise can be a problem,
seen from reviewers. And I could
make 360 dpi "contact prints".....
Yes, there are ways of working around both film grain and digital noise. But digital noise is a relative non-issue for professional level sensors while film grain issues persist. Of course it's quite easy to jump platforms with film and solve the problems - but this discussion is about 35mm color versus professional level digital at six megapixels - so not a relevant issue.
Skies, ah skies... They are an interesting situation. People like
to use them for an example, and they truly can appear
objectionably "noisy". They seem to be more of a problem in my
size reduced jpegs than in my 300 dpi prints. ...>
But here's the thing. How many people really look at real skies
and really think about them?
see. How many people really look at a real sky?
I only brought skys into the discussion because they offer relatively large areas devoid of tight patterns which tend to obscure grain issues, and it's much easier to detect grain there. And you are entirely correct - skys are rarely homogenous.
My best,

Ed
Best regards,

Lin
 
For people that want an 8x10" image, a 3MP camera is almost overkill. The problem is not in the film or in the CCD, it is in the output device. I am a photo printer (Lab tech) and prints up to 8x10" look much the same from Reala on 35mm, 120 film and 4x5" due to diffusion of the light during the optical printing. The same diffusion seems to happen in inkjet printers. The Fuji Frontier and all laser and diode printers have a similar diffusion going on and their smoothness relies largely on this very fact. The illusion of sharpness is enhanced by the processing software, not the original file even though it must be sharp to start with. In Optical printing, the illusion of sharpness is enhanced by filmgrain, not the lack of it. Finegrain films look fuzzier when printed optically. Lines per milimeter is a true function of the CCD but largely decided by image contrast in film. Real comparisons should be made in practical use like making a print. The purpose of this comparison is to see if the medium will suit your purpose. To compare apples with oranges is a silly exercise but to be honest, one must go to a very large print from all the various media and then compare for absolute sharpness and retention of detail. That printsize must be larger than the limitations of optical diffusion that occur in small sizes. A large print from digital media must be made on a device that does not interpolate the printerfile. If you can meat both standards, the tests are within acceptable tolerances but stll silly if you only want a 4x6" print. The bottom line is that cross testing is a risky and redundant practise but valid for the techie out there. For all the others, the results of our cameras are enough.

In my opinion, Fuji Reala beats any digital camera in dynamic range, sharpness and grain. It is my favorite!. The flipside is next. I just shot 400 frames on a Fuji S1 because a 2" print simply needs a reasonable digital file not Rolls-Royce to the printer.
Rinus
 
I predict that you will never get a satisfactory answer. My rational comes from military intellegence. I worked in the Air Force when intel sensors were transitioning from film to video/digital imagery. As you might expect the main reason was to process and provide intel images faster. Those of us interested in quality and technical intel argued for years over resolution. Line pairs comes from a photographic history. A more proper method for determening digital resolution is from the modulation transfer function. The two methods are associated but systems that are close in performance show ambiguity between the two methods. After two decades the military never really resolved the issue, but digital has become dominent for other reasons...probably just like it will in our little consumer world.
--
JRW III
I've been trying to find an answer to the question reguarding
resolution of film vs digital. Most of the discussions, at least
the ones ive seen do not answer the question the way I want, so can
someone help? First I want to compare a traditional film print
(not scanned and then printed) to a digital print. which has
better resolution? The one thing that ive come up with but dont
know if it is valid is this. Fugi states that reala can resolve
approx 125 line pairs per mm with a 1000:1 contrast and 63 lpm at
10:1 contrast. Pop photo states that the nikon d1x has a
horizontal resolution of about 1500+ lines. Since a line pair
consists of one black and one white line then the d1x would produce
750 line pairs per 36 mm frame size. ( I know the ccd is slightly
smaller and will affect this calculation). Therefore 750 / 36 = 21
lpm. much lower than film! I dont know if this is correct and no
one seems to list resolution in line pairs per millimeter. At the
end of the day though, calculations aside, If my final desired
output is a traditional enlarged print from reala, can I expect to
get the same , better or worse results in a digital pic that is
made into the same size print?
--
Ken Eis
 
--
JRW III
I've been trying to find an answer to the question reguarding
resolution of film vs digital. Most of the discussions, at least
the ones ive seen do not answer the question the way I want, so can
someone help? First I want to compare a traditional film print
(not scanned and then printed) to a digital print. which has
better resolution? The one thing that ive come up with but dont
know if it is valid is this. Fugi states that reala can resolve
approx 125 line pairs per mm with a 1000:1 contrast and 63 lpm at
10:1 contrast. Pop photo states that the nikon d1x has a
horizontal resolution of about 1500+ lines. Since a line pair
consists of one black and one white line then the d1x would produce
750 line pairs per 36 mm frame size. ( I know the ccd is slightly
smaller and will affect this calculation). Therefore 750 / 36 = 21
lpm. much lower than film! I dont know if this is correct and no
one seems to list resolution in line pairs per millimeter. At the
end of the day though, calculations aside, If my final desired
output is a traditional enlarged print from reala, can I expect to
get the same , better or worse results in a digital pic that is
made into the same size print?
One additional factor is that "pixels" are either R-B-G .. so it takes at least 3, (4 if R-B-G-G), to equal "ONE" "white" pixel for a comparason. Only the X3 technology will truly give us an "accurate" pixel count.

--
Thanks for reading .... JoePhoto

( Do You Ever STOP to THINK --- and FORGET to START Again ??? )
 
One additional factor is that "pixels" are either R-B-G .. so it
takes at least 3, (4 if R-B-G-G), to equal "ONE" "white" pixel for
a comparason. Only the X3 technology will truly give us an
"accurate" pixel count.
Thanks for setting me straight. All this time when I took a TIFF with my 2 meg camera and thought that I was getting a 2 meg image I didn't know that I was only getting .67 megs.

D* n that Oly company for lying to me and colluding with Microsoft to tell me that those are 2 meg files that get produced. And for faking that single hot pixel that shows up with extremely long exposures. ;-)

--
bob
http://www.pbase.com/bobtrips
pictures from Thailand, Myanmar(Burma), and Nepal
 
Bob, I know your being sarcastic but to what point. If the camera interpolated between pixels and gave you an 4 meg file would you say it was an 4 meg camera? Well, that is what it is doing!

Not that Joe was adding anything that 99% of the people here don't already know.
One additional factor is that "pixels" are either R-B-G .. so it
takes at least 3, (4 if R-B-G-G), to equal "ONE" "white" pixel for
a comparason. Only the X3 technology will truly give us an
"accurate" pixel count.
Thanks for setting me straight. All this time when I took a TIFF
with my 2 meg camera and thought that I was getting a 2 meg image I
didn't know that I was only getting .67 megs.

D* n that Oly company for lying to me and colluding with Microsoft
to tell me that those are 2 meg files that get produced. And for
faking that single hot pixel that shows up with extremely long
exposures. ;-)


--
bob
http://www.pbase.com/bobtrips
pictures from Thailand, Myanmar(Burma), and Nepal
 
Bob, I know your being sarcastic but to what point. If the camera
interpolated between pixels and gave you an 4 meg file would you
say it was an 4 meg camera? Well, that is what it is doing!

Not that Joe was adding anything that 99% of the people here don't
already know.
I realize that 99% of the readers here do know that .... but sometimes I "wonder" ... ???

I only posted it because the "original" poster seemed to equate to the full pixel count with a careful analysis of "resolution". I submit that "interpolation" is not a direct equal to "resolution" -- but rather only a "guess" at it.

But I was really wondering during all the earlier discussions over whether or not Foveon was LYING by refering to it as X3 .... and using it as a multiplying factor in their specs comparasons. Many felt that Foveon was indeed "lying". I feel that a closer analogy is that all previous have been lying to us. (but of course I really don't mean "lying" because it is such an extreme word and certainly complied with the existing technology of that time)
One additional factor is that "pixels" are either R-B-G .. so it
takes at least 3, (4 if R-B-G-G), to equal "ONE" "white" pixel for
a comparason. Only the X3 technology will truly give us an
"accurate" pixel count.
Thanks for setting me straight. All this time when I took a TIFF
with my 2 meg camera and thought that I was getting a 2 meg image I
didn't know that I was only getting .67 megs.

D* n that Oly company for lying to me and colluding with Microsoft
to tell me that those are 2 meg files that get produced. And for
faking that single hot pixel that shows up with extremely long
exposures. ;-)


--
bob
http://www.pbase.com/bobtrips
pictures from Thailand, Myanmar(Burma), and Nepal
--
Thanks for reading .... JoePhoto

( Do You Ever STOP to THINK --- and FORGET to START Again ??? )
 
One additional factor is that "pixels" are either R-B-G .. so it
takes at least 3, (4 if R-B-G-G), to equal "ONE" "white" pixel for
a comparason. Only the X3 technology will truly give us an
"accurate" pixel count.

--
Thanks for reading .... JoePhoto
Joe,

This is not entirely straightforward. Yes, up to eight pixels may be used to determine the color of the capture of a single sensor point, but there are still "X" (x representing the sensor's resolution in horizontal times vertical sensor points) sensor points which gather information about the environment as captured. This does not mean, per se, that the digital resolution is not comparable to it's film equivalent (whatever that might truly be). The problem with determining a film equivalent is that the sensor material is random and varied in size and the various "equivalencies" given to approxomate a digital "resolution" are all over the board from less than 6 megapixels to more than 40 megapixels.

The only viable way to determine is by practical experience and by printing images taken of the same subject from the same position with the same equivalent focal length. This has been done, and the consensus among those who use both professional digital and 35mm color negative and slide is that six megapixels of proper bayer interpolated data equals 35mm color in its ability to define fine detail in the printed image.

Regardless of the math, formulae and various arguments, the "only" way to resolve the argument is to actually get hand's on experience with both. Unless you use professional six megapixel instruments side by side on a daily basis, all that can be done is "guess" and theorize about the differences and similarities.

What really matters is results, and because of pro-digital results, more and more photographers are replacing their 35mm and even medium format color film work with digital equivalents. I'm aware that you are anxiously awaiting 16 megapixel digital resolution, but I can assure you that it's certainly not necessary for 35mm color film equivalency - six is quite sufficient except for those specific jobs which are more amenable to film such as subjects likely to cause moire. Film is better here, but for greater than 16x20 enlargement, digital is the preferred platform by the vast majority of those who have tried both.

Best regards,

Lin
http://204.42.233.244
 
When I was in the airforce, we processed 70 mm film in a large tub for no more than 90 seconds. The laundry (as we called it) was dumped in the tub manually by holding two large spools with the emulsion back to back while someone else pulled the film into the developer. We scooped it out and into the fix in the dark as if we were doing laundry. The result was a very grainy couple of rolls of very fast (3000 ASA) aerial recognizance images. taken from an altitude of 500 ft with a speed of close to mach 1.

The images were of the 1.3 megapixel variety (certainly no better) but looking through a viewer, the resulting stereo pairs were good enough to read license plates on cars. The intel people did not care that we were all seasoned photographers with a high set of standards.The point is that the job determines the method of operation. If all you want is an 8x10, the 3 MP camera is pretty hard to beat. Anything more is just a waste of most people's money.
Rinus
 
Hi Lin,

I moved your blow up of a section of my crop to my server so if anyone wanders through here after you have deleted it from your server, they can still see what you were pointing out...

My "actual pixels" crop from a 4000 dpi scan of 35mm Fuji Provia 100F, pushed to ASA 200 (if we assume a monitor screen is 72 dpi, the full frame of this becomes 78 x 52 inches--with exactly the same level of detail, and problems, as seen here):



And your blow up of a section clearly showing my previously cleverly obscured dye clumps:



I tend to leave things around forever. And it's always worth people having access to information, even though it might be unlikely that they stray in here.

Yep, I saw that stuff with my naked eye in the original, bet you did too. No media is perfect yet, and I like that. At least a bit of art is surmounting/working around limitations and/or using them to an advantage. Things get a bit emptier if there is nothing to surmount.

(A non-relevant side note: I used to occasionally shoot with a Pentax 67 till I gave it to my sister so she could make some professional use of it. The frame proportions were just too static for my taste.)

Well, every tool has its use...

I visited the link you pointed out. Yep, that's something. Not my personal interest in photography, but it certainly seemed to impress those impressed with such things. Not to diminish stephen's craft, which I think is exemplary, but I suspect that you know in your professional heart that a reduced resolution [ :^) ] camera is a natural for such a subject. Can you imagine if he shot her with a 4x5 or, good grief, an 8x10 and made the same size prints? Anyone who was not a dermatologist or perhaps a plastic surgeon would leave the room the prints were in post haste. And poor steven's girl friend would likely now be history. (He would have had to put significant work in to make the prints acceptable.) Clearly he used the correct tool for the job.

His subject and enlargements masked a lack of (or need for) microporous detail, my subjects and enlargements mask that nasty "grain". Guess we must both be artists.

You are probably getting the idea by now that I am stuck in my dinosaur ways. Well, up to the latest nanosecond isn't everything. (My ideal digicam might be a manual focus F3 body, with a full frame 3 megapixel sensor in it. That would be fun. ...but Nikon would be able to sell exactly one of them.)

I do find a lot of art in my chosen tools, and I think I know how to use them fairly well. That doesn't mean I don't use digital from time to time (though increasingly less), nor that I rail against anyone/everyone using it. It's one more arrow in our photographic quivers...

And I love anyone who keeps their eyes and their mind open.

Over and out, and my best,

Ed
 

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