The photo, while when it is done and you see it in the camera it is seen wrongly. When you pass the photo to a folder in the computer and you open it in preview it is seen wrongly too. If you use this photo to do a Time Lapse, in Final Cut for example, it is seen wrongly too. But, if you open it in Capture One or Photoshop you can see it correctly, just opening it.
But which exact file are you eventually correctly opening in Capture One or Photoshop - the same JPEG file that is wrong when previewed in-camera and on computer...?
If it`s RAW file instead, then it could really be its embedded JPEG preview is corrupted (as probably original JPEG is, if you saved that one alongside RAW as well), so any application showing you RAW file embedded JPEG preview only will have you see a corrupted (JPEG) image. But once you open RAW inside Capture One or Photoshop (Camera Raw, I would assume), those show you real RAW data (ignoring embedded JPEG preview once RAW is fully loaded), and that one might still be fine.
If so, the corruption could have happened for whatever reason during the (JPEG?) image creation/writing process - but it could possibly be caused due to some SD card issue as well, so might be worth it to try with a different one, just for the sake of it.
That said, I did have a few writing errors with my X-T3 in the past (long before latest Ver.4.00 firmware) - might be twice it errored out on shutter button full press (single photo), but as I use both SD card slots in backup mode one of the cards did have the photo (the failed one didn`t).
Also, it happened once that a few images in a burst series were corrupt - good part of the image holding garbage, sometimes even a part of the other photo, as you have here... which I was aware after the fact only, on reviewing them on computer, as there was no indication in camera at the time. I don`t remember exactly now, but I _think_ the RAW files were fine back then as well, but I still had the same (and non-corrupted) JPEG + RAW files on the backup card, so I just took everything from there.
p.s. I did take some 17k+ photos with my X-T3 so far (for a bit more than two years), and even though I suspected (the older) one of the SD cards myself back at the times, having it happen in a few occasions only, and especially as the backup SD card did the job it was meant to, I wasn`t concerned with the issues much.