FD stands for Fully automatic Diaphragm. They were introduced with the FTb which I had in the 70's (?) and were the first Canon lenses to stop down automatically when you fired the shutter. The connection between tha camera and the lens was mechanical, via a small lever at the bottom of the mirror box which shifted a pin that stuck out the back of the lens. The previous Canon lenses, the FL series, had to be stopped down manually before firing. Then around 25 years ago(?) Canon introduced an electrical contact between the camera body and lens so that the body could control the lens electronically. They called this lens the Electrical F lens.
Michael