Comparing Nikkor telephotos @400mm (TCs and without)

chambeshi

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I have tested 2 Nikkor zooms against 2 primes toward answering my own questions as to how image quality varies at distance and in combination with a TC. After first batch testing in January on my D850, I then relied more on the Z7 to minimize focus-tuning bugs, and a TC2 works at f11 (at the extreme).

The lenses are:

300mm f/4 E PF VR Nikkor + TC14 III

400mm f/2.8E AF-S VR FL ED Nikkor

70-200mm f2.8E FL ED VRII Nikkor + TC2 III

80-400mm f/4.5-5.6G AF-S VR ED N NIKKOR

The standard subjects varies but I will post mostly results on a patchwork of printed targets, with patches of deer hair glued to 'the 4 points of the compass' (the body fur used for tying fishing flies), and a few suitable small mammals. These include my cats and their toys, notably "Fukomys", so named after the most diverse genus of our African molerats (one of the groups which I've studied for many years). They are rodents related to porcupines.

Fukomys is an ideal subject to test telephotos, being sown of rabbit skin stuffed with catnip..... These replicas are borrowed from my cats, who on occasion deign to attack Fukomys during the tests. So I have also captured quite a few series of cat portraits, when a felid obliged to stay in the camera frame, but they soon get distracted (!)

Here is the "testing range" and a couple of examples. The longest distance approximate the outermost maximum I'm forced to capture shy subjects or such like scenes. But i prefer to be as close as conditions permit:

Testing range - Gimpro on Gitzo 1543LS
Testing range - Gimpro on Gitzo 1543LS

20m 80-400 G f5.6 focused on target - low res image as example
20m 80-400 G f5.6 focused on target - low res image as example

400 f2.8E PL at 20m approx 1:1 crop
400 f2.8E PL at 20m approx 1:1 crop

300 f4E PF+TC14 f5.6 Fukomys - 20m
300 f4E PF+TC14 f5.6 Fukomys - 20m

300 f4E PF+TC14 f5.6 Fukomys at 20m 1:1 crop
300 f4E PF+TC14 f5.6 Fukomys at 20m 1:1 crop
 
This prime needs no introduction. There's little to add to many reviews and forum threads lauding its traits. They it sets the upper bar for judging other means to reach 400mm. I will post follow ups as the images are exported and uploaded

f2.8 @10m - 400mm f/2.8E VR FL
f2.8 @10m - 400mm f/2.8E VR FL

f4 @10m - 400mm f/2.8E VR FL
f4 @10m - 400mm f/2.8E VR FL

f5.6 @10m - 400mm f/2.8E VR FL
f5.6 @10m - 400mm f/2.8E VR FL
 
This prime needs no introduction. There's little to add to many reviews and forum threads lauding its traits. They it sets the upper bar for judging other means to reach 400mm. I will post follow ups as the images are exported and uploaded

f2.8 @10m - 400mm f/2.8E VR FL
f2.8 @10m - 400mm f/2.8E VR FL

f4 @10m - 400mm f/2.8E VR FL
f4 @10m - 400mm f/2.8E VR FL

f5.6 @10m - 400mm f/2.8E VR FL
f5.6 @10m - 400mm f/2.8E VR FL
The f/4 shot is less sharp than the f/2.8 shot.

--
Philip
 
1:1 crops - the 300 PF + TC14 is commonly cited as a favorite solution, especially for hiking and birds

f5.6 @ 10m 300 f4E PF+TC14 III
f5.6 @ 10m 300 f4E PF+TC14 III

f6.3 @ 10m 300 f4E PF TC14 III
f6.3 @ 10m 300 f4E PF TC14 III

f8 @ 10m 300 f4E PF+TC14 III
f8 @ 10m 300 f4E PF+TC14 III

f5.6 @ 20m 300 f4E PF+TC14 III
f5.6 @ 20m 300 f4E PF+TC14 III



 f6.3 @ 20m 300 f4E PF TC14 III
f6.3 @ 20m 300 f4E PF TC14 III



f8 @ 20m 300 f4E PF+TC14 III
f8 @ 20m 300 f4E PF+TC14 III
 

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All taken with Nikon Z7 as were the above with 300 f4 PF.

f5.6 @ 10m 80-400 G
f5.6 @ 10m 80-400 G

f8 @ 10m 80-400 G
f8 @ 10m 80-400 G

f5.6 @ 20m 80-400 G
f5.6 @ 20m 80-400 G

f8 @ 10m 80-400 G
f8 @ 10m 80-400 G
 
Approx 1:1 crops with Z7. Both images @f2.8 appear slightly softer, so posted both below

f2.8 @ 20m 400 f2.8E-1526
f2.8 @ 20m 400 f2.8E-1526

f2.8 @ 20m 400 f2.8E-152
f2.8 @ 20m 400 f2.8E-152

f4 @ 20m 400 f2.8E
f4 @ 20m 400 f2.8E

f5.6 @ 20m 400 f2.8E
f5.6 @ 20m 400 f2.8E

f8 @ 20m 400 f2.8E
f8 @ 20m 400 f2.8E
 
f2.8 @10m - 400mm f/2.8E VR FL

f4 @10m - 400mm f/2.8E VR FL
f4 @10m - 400mm f/2.8E VR FL
The f/4 shot is less sharp than the f/2.8 shot.
Thanks for picking this up! I re-checked enlarged files in LR and replaced this. Always useful to take duplicates at each setting.

Toward broader comparisons, I will also add images @10m for more larger f-stops
 
Here is a more complete set taken with Z7 @10m from f2.8 thru f8, including new image @f4 replacing above that was not in sharp focus.

f2.8 @ 10m 400 f2.8E Z7
f2.8 @ 10m 400 f2.8E Z7

f4 @ 10m 400 f2.8E Z7
f4 @ 10m 400 f2.8E Z7

f5.6 @ 10m 400 f2.8E Z7
f5.6 @ 10m 400 f2.8E Z7

f8 @ 10m 400 f2.8E Z7
f8 @ 10m 400 f2.8E Z7
 
Pairing this excellent fast zoom with TC2 is recommended to build a 400mm, weighing slightly more than a 80-400 G

f5.6 @10m 70-200 f2.8E FL TC2
f5.6 @10m 70-200 f2.8E FL TC2

f6.3 @10m 70-200 f2.8E FL TC2
f6.3 @10m 70-200 f2.8E FL TC2

f8 @10m 70-200 f2.8E FL TC2
f8 @10m 70-200 f2.8E FL TC2

f5.6 @20m 70-200 f2.8E FL TC2
f5.6 @20m 70-200 f2.8E FL TC2

f6.3 @20m 70-200 f2.8E FL TC2
f6.3 @20m 70-200 f2.8E FL TC2

f8 @20m 70-200 f2.8E FL TC2
f8 @20m 70-200 f2.8E FL TC2
 

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Interesting! Thanks for doing this work, and posting the results. :-)
 

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