Spectra of natural colours

What I was curious about was which 4 colors you were referring to above? Are they first three the same as I listed?
Yes, those 3 plus one more if I do not abide by CIE rounding rules, use original observer data and calculate the D50 spectrum following late Dr. Schanda suggestions (things I normally do).

--
http://www.libraw.org/
 
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Understood. Since my iMac isn't 10-bit I'm seeing banding.
Will we ever get Ps to do error diffusion with blue noise when rendering to display?

Jim
 
I'm not sure I understand the point you're making, Iliah.
Point is, you can't check clipping or banding visually on a display because of the display device capabilities.
Of course, but the point of my comparison wasn't to show differences in clipping or banding but, rather, to show the global tonal differences brought on by a fairly typical adjustment in PS.
I'm afraid I do not understand. Since display device capabilities put the limits, the way out is to extract colour list and plot clipping and banding statistics.
Perhaps the problem is that you're approaching this isssue like a good color scientist and I'm approaching it like a photographer/artist here with typical tools in-hand.
The problem is, not all banding is cerated equally or from the same source.

There is of course image banding. But there’s also banding that is produced in the video path of some products.

With a device like say an NEC SpectraView, a high bit panel and especially if the entire video path is high bit (card, OS, software), there should be zero on-screen banding from the display path. If you see banding, it’s in the data. But as other’s suggested, showing how much is better left to measuring all this.
I generally limit myself to ACR/PS and associated plugins in my pursuit of a satisfactory rendering for my intended output display and seldom worry too much about the technicalities like the inaccuracy of PS's gamut warning for at least some color spaces, for instance.
PS’s gamut warning is both buggy and inaccurate! Same with Lightroom’s implementation. The methods many are using here to show OOG is far more accurate and doesn’t treat a tiny OOG and a massive OOG the same.
I'm well aware of your criticism of PS's gamut warning. I'll muddle through it.
If only Adobe would fix and improve it, but if their customer base doesn’t ask, it certainly will never happen.
I operate from the gut and experience far more than I'm sure you and others here would recommend. I suppose I should take my observations over to the retouching forum. I'll refrain from further comments here.
Here’s a document that’s useful for testing on-screen banding:

http://digitaldog.net/files/10-bit-test-ramp.zip
Thanks. What should I be seeing/not seeing when I look at it?
Fully high bit video path, smooth as a baby’s behind. No banding on-screen.
Understood. Since my iMac isn't 10-bit I'm seeing banding. Was this supposed to prove something?
Indeed, you’re seeing banding not in the data, but the display path.
I'm certainly already aware of what banding looks like.
What’s kind of important is WHERE that banding occurs. Data or display (or both)?
Sure, but it should be obvious that there are significant differences in the data and not just display for my adjusted Granger rainbows. This is readily confirmed when I take the data from both into Lab and compare the values there.
Now you know.
Now I STILL know.
 
According to Joofa's analysis, 'enough' for a good 95% of the samples here.
You misunderstand the analysis and the results.

Actually, you misunderstand the source data too. Source data points are average values taken from a flat surface, with basically no light variation.
That is, the samples are of natural colours in unnatural light, they are best case, and provide very conservative results.
Those are reflectance coefficients, there is no unnatural light in the data. I doubt that they are average unless you have macro in mind. Most likely, they measured small spots. About the variations - colors outside the target space are usually mapped inside with some compression and necessary distortion but that does not mean that small detail is lost and that the variations go far away from the average.
However for marigolds, even Adobe RGB is not enough, as the analysis in this thread demonstrates. Being less conservative, you can double the dE.
I have my own examples of flowers where a wider color space creates a better photo. I do not doubt that sometimes, wider spaces are useful. I am just skeptical that the data presented serve as a convincing evidence of that.
Now, when you look at the results keep in mind that you will be getting colour blobs for the colours outside the RGB gamut. Visually it is not very pleasing.
Yes, it can happen, I have seen it.
 
I did a quick and dirty analysis of the 219 natural colors by hand. It appears that about 10 of them fall outside sRGB gamut, which are shown in the plot below. Each dot shows one natural color. Cyan = In Gamut. Magenta = Out of Gamut.

Natural Color Set. SRGB space. Vector length for each primary = Respective Unit Stimulus.
Natural Color Set. SRGB space. Vector length for each primary = Respective Unit Stimulus.

The plot shows that these particular natural colors are concentrated cone like volume.

On my screen I can rotate the diagram and see stuff a bit better. Difficult to find a view that shows every thing from a good vantage point in a still.
So, sRGB might be enough after all?
No!
Or rather... yes.

According to Joofa's analysis, 'enough' for a good 95% of the samples here.
95% of just 218 samples, mostly measurements of vegetation.
The samples Iliah put forward, to illustrate it being not 'enough'.
Yes, it’s not enough (sRGB), colors clipped! Ditto with Adobe RGB (1998).
To repeat (something you enjoy doing) - it's 'enough' for a good 95% of the samples here.
Talk about a stretch to suggest that this bodes well for sRGB for the world in which (some of us) create photographs is rather simplistic. The colorimetry of images, the colorimetry and color gamuts of output devices suggest (well prove) otherwise.
Everyone (here at least) knows that.
Not a great idea to speak for everyone. Just speak for yourself.
I'll speak as and for whoever I choose.
You’ve reminded me that just yesterday, the President of the US stated everyone was unhappy with the former FBI director.
Your president - a president you deserve.
And yet most people will acknowledge that sRGB is still 'enough' for probably >99% of 'most users' needs.
Most people?
Most is probably understating it.

The overwhelming majority.
If fifty million people say a foolish thing, it is still a foolish thing.-Bertrand Russell
There's nothing 'foolish' in the matter.
MacDonald’s sells more burgers and you could state ‘most people’ prefer them based on the sales. I’m not taking a bite. It might be good enough for you, not me. At least speaking only for myself. Same with sRGB from raw. I have no desire to clip colors I and both capture and output.
Only a small minority of the world's photography/photographers work from RAW - and noboby is stopping them from choosing alternatives to sRGB.
One man's 'enough is another man's 'not enough'.
Indeed! For some, good enough is both a struggle and the best they can produce. Photography or otherwise.

For others, thankfully, 95% is a compromise and their goal is to produce not good enough but exceed what they did last. It can be illustrated in their photo submissions just here*, for others to subjectively view. What isn’t subjective is their aim (and ours) to produce better than good enough.

* https://www.dpreview.com/members/9936903505/galleries
Why have you posted a link to my DPR 'gallery' ?
"If something is not good enough, stop doing it".-Jonathan Ive

It's like a former chairman of Toyota once said in a quote I read:

"Excellence is not so much doing one thing 100% better as it is doing 100 things 1% better".
You're very fond of tiresome, clichéd, cut & paste literary quotes - your having no original thought of your own.
 
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I did a quick and dirty analysis of the 219 natural colors by hand. It appears that about 10 of them fall outside sRGB gamut...
Do you happen to know how many of them are outside Adobe RGB?
Without changing anything, especially normalization, it appears that 4 colors are out of gamut in ARGB.

BTW, here is a comparison of human visual spectral locus, Adobe RGB, and ProPhoto RGB below.

Adobe RGB vs. Pro Photo RGB

Adobe RGB vs. Pro Photo RGB

ProPhoto RGB is a bit bigger and seems to encompass more of human visual space. Except near the blue areas there are colors that are in Adobe RGB but outside of Pro Photo RGB gamut. As shown in the link below.

When is Pro Photo RGB bigger than Adobe RGB.
Only an issue in CIE Abs. Colorimetry as a result of D65 to D50 conversion. However, the ICC, defines Abs. Col. differently and clearly states that Abs. Col. conversion from D65 <> D50 should use adapted white points. This is how Adobe's color engine does things as well. Microsoft's ICM deviates from the ICC standards and preserves white points during Abs. Col. conversions. The Microsoft engine also has some other significant issues introducing fairly large errors during simple conversions from Adobe RGB to sRGB as I've itemized over on the printer forum.
Well, when some colors that are in gamut in standardized Adobe RGB but are out of gamut in standardized ProPhoto RGB in linear color space terms, then they are just not there. One can throw in various flavors of rendering intents. But, that is just to maintain certain relationships between colors in one way or another.

--
Dj Joofa
http://www.djjoofa.com
When discussing absolutes (XYZ), It goes without saying that any two RGB colorspaces with differing "D" whitepoints, regardless of where their CCT, will each have colors the other won't.
Well you can have the same white point and as long as primaries of the 2 color 'spaces' are pointing in different directions, you can still have one color 'space' composed of more colors than the other.
If you have the same whitepoints and the first RGB space has all three primary CIExy chromaticites encompassing those of the second (in 2D space), then the first XYZ (3D) space will not have any colors not included in the second (3D) space.
And, while we are here lets get this 'color space' thing out of the way. There is only a single 3D color space for 'spaces' that are related by a linear CCM. In my diagram above, you can see that Adobe RGB, and Pro Photo RGB color 'spaces' coexist in the same 3D space. These primaries are just coordinates systems in the 3D system. Since it is a finite dimensional space (dim = 3), one only needs 3 linearly independent vectors to span it. So, if you wanted to, you can select 3 primaries out of a mixture of 6 ARGB and ProPhoto RGB primaries - say Pro Photo RGB Blue and Green, and Adobe RGB Red to make a new color 'space'. And, pick a random point as 'white point', such that 'unit length' of each vector (primary) add to that point.
Of course. That's just linear algebra.
Effectively, technically, and strictly speaking, any 'space' in this scenario is just a reference frame of vectors.

Also, very importantly, despite widespread contrary assertions in color literature:
  1. Primaries are usually not orthogonal,
  2. Primaries are not of the same length - unit stimulus, i.e., what we call '1 unit' of each primary is a physically different amount for each of them. In the diagram that is represented by the length of the color primary vector.
Yes, of course. I agree.
But all that is a topic for another discussion. I have spent enough time on this topic on this forum in the past, and you can do a search if you want more information on that.
D65's white point is X=95.05, Y=100.00, Z=108.88
D50's white point is X=96.42, Y=100.00, Z=82.49

White produces the maximum values on all three X, Y, and Z. Y is always normalized to 100 and X and Z pivot.
White is just a point (i.e., color) in the diagram above which one gets to by adding unit stimulus of each 'red', 'green', and 'blue' primaries.
Yes, and so? I don't disagree with your statement or reasoning where and why Adobe RGB can exceed ProPhoto RGB in the "blue." I've simply pointed out that all* RGB colorspaces, where the white points D* differ, will also each have colors the other will not in the CIE sense of XYZ intersection.

* Leaving out extended spaces allowing higher luminance than the white point and negative values of RGB - one way to fix sRGB gaining traction in high def.
By definition, all non whitepoint RGB values in a D50 colorspace will produce Z values at or below 82.49. Similarly, all non whitepoint RGB values in a D65 colorspace will produce X values at or below 95.05.
--
Dj Joofa
http://www.djjoofa.com
 
Those are reflectance coefficients, there is no unnatural light in the data.
Neither measurements conditions nor D50 are photographically natural light, they are flat light field, intensity & spectra. XYZ samples are for D50. To calculate natural color in natural conditions one needs to apply naturally varying light field to coefficients, or to use different instrumentation.
I doubt that they are average
Average happens at instrument's aperture or in a light sphere.
 
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I did a quick and dirty analysis of the 219 natural colors by hand. It appears that about 10 of them fall outside sRGB gamut, which are shown in the plot below. Each dot shows one natural color. Cyan = In Gamut. Magenta = Out of Gamut.

Natural Color Set. SRGB space. Vector length for each primary = Respective Unit Stimulus.
Natural Color Set. SRGB space. Vector length for each primary = Respective Unit Stimulus.

The plot shows that these particular natural colors are concentrated cone like volume.

On my screen I can rotate the diagram and see stuff a bit better. Difficult to find a view that shows every thing from a good vantage point in a still.
So, sRGB might be enough after all?
No!
Or rather... yes.

According to Joofa's analysis, 'enough' for a good 95% of the samples here.
95% of just 218 samples, mostly measurements of vegetation.
The samples Iliah put forward, to illustrate it being not 'enough'.
Yes, it’s not enough (sRGB), colors clipped! Ditto with Adobe RGB (1998).
To repeat (something you enjoy doing) - it's 'enough' for a good 95% of the samples here.
https://www.dpreview.com/forums/post/59584445

You misunderstand the analysis and the results. Actually, you misunderstand the source data too.

The above text, (not from me but I agree with it), is something you either don’t understand or will not accept.
Talk about a stretch to suggest that this bodes well for sRGB for the world in which (some of us) create photographs is rather simplistic. The colorimetry of images, the colorimetry and color gamuts of output devices suggest (well prove) otherwise.
Everyone (here at least) knows that.
Not a great idea to speak for everyone. Just speak for yourself.
I'll speak as and for whoever I choose.
Then your writings can and should be dismissed and ignored.
You’ve reminded me that just yesterday, the President of the US stated everyone was unhappy with the former FBI director.
Your president.
Yes, you got that right; I never stated who’s president he was, only that he’s the US president and his statements sound as foolish as yours when you speak for everyone.
And yet most people will acknowledge that sRGB is still 'enough' for probably >99% of 'most users' needs.
Most people?
Most is probably understating it.
Assumptions.
The overwhelming majority.
Assumptions without fact.
If fifty million people say a foolish thing, it is still a foolish thing.-Bertrand Russell
There's nothing 'foolish' in the matter.
We have a difference of opinion then.
MacDonald’s sells more burgers and you could state ‘most people’ prefer them based on the sales. I’m not taking a bite. It might be good enough for you, not me. At least speaking only for myself. Same with sRGB from raw. I have no desire to clip colors I and both capture and output.
Only a small minority of the world's photography/photographers work from RAW - and noboby is stopping them from choosing alternatives to sRGB.
Prove that’s accurate.

Actually, every image initially starts as raw data but let’s not go there; might be over your head.
One man's 'enough is another man's 'not enough'.
Indeed! For some, good enough is both a struggle and the best they can produce. Photography or otherwise.

For others, thankfully, 95% is a compromise and their goal is to produce not good enough but exceed what they did last. It can be illustrated in their photo submissions just here*, for others to subjectively view. What isn’t subjective is their aim (and ours) to produce better than good enough.

* https://www.dpreview.com/members/9936903505/galleries
Why have you posted a link to my DPR 'gallery' ?
To illustrate good enough.

Since you are hiding behind an alias and have no further transparency here, it’s the best we have to evaluate good enough photography.

People with full transparency, those that are not afraid to show their work, who they work for, what they’ve accomplished, are fine with both subjective reviews of their photography and their backgrounds and expertise. We have nothing to hide.
"If something is not good enough, stop doing it".-Jonathan Ive

It's like a former chairman of Toyota once said in a quote I read:

"Excellence is not so much doing one thing 100% better as it is doing 100 things 1% better".
You're very fond of tiresome, clichéd, cut & paste literary quotes - your having no original thought of your own.
That’s incorrect too. You’re on a roll.

--
Andrew Rodney
Author: Color Management for Photographers
The Digital Dog
http://www.digitaldog.net
 
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Those are reflectance coefficients, there is no unnatural light in the data.
Neither measurements conditions nor D50 are photographically natural light, they are flat light field, intensity & spectra. XYZ samples are for D50. To calculate natural color in natural conditions one needs to apply naturally varying light field to coefficients, or to use different instrumentation.
This does not change the fact that those are reflection coefficients. If you want to say that they are very unreliably measured, this does not make the case for sRGB enough or not based on that data more convincing.
I doubt that they are average
Average happens at instrument's aperture or in a light sphere.
Average over what area? You cut the rest of the paragraph.
 
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What I was curious about was which 4 colors you were referring to above? Are they first three the same as I listed?
Yes, those 3 plus one more if I do not abide by CIE rounding rules, use original observer data and calculate the D50 spectrum following late Dr. Schanda suggestions (things I normally do).
Got it.

Generally, when I list dE's, I drop all values below 1 to avoid cluttering things up. But looking at the actuals sorted by descending my results are essentially the same as yours and Joofa's,

One of the more curious things is that some of the further down sRGB colors clipped at the primary red sRGB maxes (255). Of course most were the usual and clipped at B=0.
 
Those are reflectance coefficients, there is no unnatural light in the data.
Neither measurements conditions nor D50 are photographically natural light, they are flat light field, intensity & spectra. XYZ samples are for D50. To calculate natural color in natural conditions one needs to apply naturally varying light field to coefficients, or to use different instrumentation.
This does not change the fact that those are reflection coefficients.
Man, you are seriously confused. Get back to your Word and Excel.
 
I did a quick and dirty analysis of the 219 natural colors by hand. It appears that about 10 of them fall outside sRGB gamut, which are shown in the plot below. Each dot shows one natural color. Cyan = In Gamut. Magenta = Out of Gamut.

Natural Color Set. SRGB space. Vector length for each primary = Respective Unit Stimulus.
Natural Color Set. SRGB space. Vector length for each primary = Respective Unit Stimulus.

The plot shows that these particular natural colors are concentrated cone like volume.

On my screen I can rotate the diagram and see stuff a bit better. Difficult to find a view that shows every thing from a good vantage point in a still.
So, sRGB might be enough after all?
No!
Or rather... yes.

According to Joofa's analysis, 'enough' for a good 95% of the samples here.
95% of just 218 samples, mostly measurements of vegetation.
The samples Iliah put forward, to illustrate it being not 'enough'.
Yes, it’s not enough (sRGB), colors clipped! Ditto with Adobe RGB (1998).
To repeat (something you enjoy doing) - it's 'enough' for a good 95% of the samples here.
https://www.dpreview.com/forums/post/59584445

You misunderstand the analysis and the results.
I fully understand both.
The above text, not from me but I agree with it, is something you either don’t understand or will not accept.
I understand it, and accept it insofar as less than 100% not being 'enough' for some.

Regardless - and as I stated - 95% would be more than 'enough' /plenty 'enough' for most people.

The later is something that you either don't understand, or you won't accept.
Talk about a stretch to suggest that this bodes well for sRGB for the world in which (some of us) create photographs is rather simplistic. The colorimetry of images, the colorimetry and color gamuts of output devices suggest (well prove) otherwise.
Everyone (here at least) knows that.
Not a great idea to speak for everyone. Just speak for yourself.
I'll speak as and for whoever I choose.
Then your writings can and should be dismissed and ignored.
You don't have either that capability, or that discipline.
You’ve reminded me that just yesterday, the President of the US stated everyone was unhappy with the former FBI director.
Your president.
Yes, you got that right; I never stated who’s president he was, only that he’s the US president...
A president that the likes of you deserve.
...and his statements sound as foolish as yours when you speak for everyone.
You can't see it - but there are considerable similarities between Andrew Rodney (alias 'digidog') and Trump behaviour.

Both utterly unpersonable - sharing much the same MO - repeatedly resorting to infantile and repetitive botty-dribble.
And yet most people will acknowledge that sRGB is still 'enough' for probably >99% of 'most users' needs.
Most people?
Most is probably understating it.
Assumptions.
The overwhelming majority.
Assumptions without fact.
If fifty million people say a foolish thing, it is still a foolish thing.-Bertrand Russell
There's nothing 'foolish' in the matter.
We have a difference of opinion then.
MacDonald’s sells more burgers and you could state ‘most people’ prefer them based on the sales. I’m not taking a bite. It might be good enough for you, not me. At least speaking only for myself. Same with sRGB from raw. I have no desire to clip colors I and both capture and output.
Only a small minority of the world's photography/photographers work from RAW - and noboby is stopping them from choosing alternatives to sRGB.
Prove that’s accurate.
Prove it isn't.
Actually, every image initially starts as raw data...
In 'old money' - many an image started with a 'negative', but only a minority printed/enlarged for themselves from their own neg's (and FWIW even fewer using colour).

Similarly 'RAW data' rarely makes it out of the vast majority of the world's cameras (not even being an option in many).
...but let’s not go there; might be over your head.
Sure - keep believing it.
One man's 'enough is another man's 'not enough'.
Indeed! For some, good enough is both a struggle and the best they can produce. Photography or otherwise.

For others, thankfully, 95% is a compromise and their goal is to produce not good enough but exceed what they did last. It can be illustrated in their photo submissions just here*, for others to subjectively view. What isn’t subjective is their aim (and ours) to produce better than good enough.

* https://www.dpreview.com/members/9936903505/galleries
Why have you posted a link to my DPR 'gallery' ?
To illustrate good enough.
Thanks but - whilst it's my/DPR web space - actually not my photos (with just a couple of exceptions).

Why didn't you post/link to your own gallery - your photos not good enough?
"If something is not good enough, stop doing it".-Jonathan Ive

It's like a former chairman of Toyota once said in a quote I read:

"Excellence is not so much doing one thing 100% better as it is doing 100 things 1% better".
You're very fond of tiresome, clichéd, cut & paste literary quotes - your having no original thought of your own.
That’s incorrect too. You’re on a roll.
Actually, it is correct - and you, are not on a roll.
 
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