Dynamic Range -- what it is, what it's good for, and how much you 'need'

The first thread you linked to was about which brand of camera was better to ward off wild animals, but the post you linked to was basically OT for the thread.
...I never read the thread. I was just emailed a link to a DR comparison between the 5D2 and D7000, and have that post bookmarked.
In this particular case the "out of context" post was valid to use as an example to back your claim.

That thread was obviously a light-hearted attempt to point out that there are other considerations in photography, and the "DR" post was presumably a result of the poster failing to notice the intent.
 
boggis the cat wrote:

The difference between systems in terms of light collecting ability for lenses using the same f-ratio and photos displayed with the same area is quite simple:
  • 4/3 vs 1.6x: log2 (332/225) = 0.56 stops more light on the 1.6x sensor.
  • 4/3 vs 1.5x: log2 (372/225) = 0.73 stops more light on the 1.5x sensor.
  • 4/3 vs FF: log2 (864/225) = 1.94 stops more light on the FF sensor.
Not quite, because of the efficiency of the aspect ratio.
That, and the rest of my post, was 100% correct.
These calculations ignore the additional aspect ratio efficiency of 4:3 over 3:2, which is roughly 4%. This changes e.g. the Canon APS-C to FT ratio from 0.55 to 0.49 "stops", and the 135 to FT ratio from 1.94 to 1.89 "stops".
They ignore nothing. You simply don't understand what they are saying (a familiar story). Here -- I'll spell it out to you. For the figures above, the assumption is that we are taking a pic of the same scene with the same exposure, so that the area of the scene in the focal plane is the same for both systems.
Remember that the aperture is the diameter of the image circle...
That's wrong, right from the start. The aperture is most certainly not the diameter of the image circle.
...so the closer to 1:1 the aspect ratio is the more of the light from the image circle is being used (efficiency).

This ends up being 4:3 having 4% greater efficiency than 3:2.
No. A 4:3 rectangle inscribed in a circle with the same diameter as a 3:2 rectangle will have 4% more area. This does not mean "4% greater efficiency" unless the final photo is displayed at 4:3 or more square. If the photo is displayed 3:2 or more wide, then the 3:2 rectangle is "more efficient". This has been explained to you multiple times, but you still lack the cognitive capacity to understand it.
My point is...
...simply incorrect. My post was completely correct, as written. Whether you understand that or not, however, is another matter entirely.
 
Rikke Rask wrote:

We are discussing the relative efficiencies of sensor area. This is not measured in exposure terms.
You really have a bee in your bonnet about this.
Refer to my reply to Joe down-thread, where I lay out the calculations for the "conversion efficiency" of the two different aspect ratios.
Which unfortunately for you displayed your utter ignorance.
Are liters an exponential measure, Boggis?
The exponential nature is irrelevant. One stop appears to double or halve brightness.
It is the effect that is important.
Twice the area means √2 times better S/N ratio. Nothing apparent about that, Boggis.
If you have 1.2 litres of water (or anything else) you have nearly double 0.67 litres.
Yes.
An exposure increase of 1.2 stops is nearly double an exposure increase of 0.67 stop.
No, silly - f/4 is two stops more than f/2; quadrupling.

The number of photons collected is proportional to the area: exp₂(1.2) ≈ 2.3 and exp₂(0.67) ≈ 1.6. And 2.3 is about 44% more than 1.6; that's pretty far from a doubling. Incidentally these factors correspond to differences in S/N ratios of a factor of 1.5 and 1.3, respectively; both figures are close enough to √2 ≈ 1.4 for our purposes.

If we use Nikon DX instead of Canon APS-C, the figure will be exp₂(0.73) ≈ 1.7 and 2.3 is only 35% more than 1.7. The 1.7 figure also corresponds to a change in S/N ratio of 1.3, that's how utterly insignificant the difference between DX and Canon is. Why don't you try to "prove" your silly agenda using Sigma sensors instead?

I repeat my previous questions: What is the accuracy of the shutter speed and aperture labeling? Those are questions that ought to interest a "metrologist".

For practical purposes, DX/APS-C is about one stop smaller than FF and FT is about one stop smaller than DX/APS-C. We don't know the exposure parameters with any degree of accuracy that makes it useful to be more accurate than that.

--
Rikke
 
What I'm interested in is mathematical proof of your statement above (academic interest only).
".. I can tell you, for a fact , that more pixels for a given sensor size and efficiency results in more IQ all the way around."
Sorry, didn't notice your post until just now. OK, let's consider two sensors of the sames size that are equally efficient (same QE, same read noise / area, same saturation / area), where Sensor A has four times the number of pixels as Sensor B.

Without loss of generality, assume QE = 1 and the read noise for a pixel of Sensor A is 4 electrons. Let's also assume that 9 electrons fall on each pixel of Sensor A, and thus 9 x 4 = 36 electrons fall on each pixel of Sensor B (just to make the computations more simple).

The photon noise for one pixel on Sensor A is sqrt 9 = 3 electrons. This makes the total noise sqrt (3² + 4²) = 5 electrons / pixel. The total noise for four pixels on Sensor A is sqrt (5² + 5² + 5² + 5²) = 10 electrons, giving us an NSR of 10 / 36 = 28%.

Now let's consider one pixel of Sensor B. The photon noise will be sqrt 36 = 6 electrons, and the read noise is 4 x 4 = 16 electrons. This gives us a total noise of sqrt (6² + 16²) = sqrt 292 = 17 electrons, resulting in an NSR of 17 / 36 = 47%.

So, more pixels on an equally efficient sensor result in less noise / area. It is interesting to note that if the read noise were to scale with the linear dimension of the pixel, rather than the area, then the noise would be the same.
I guess we've hashed this to death. :)
Pretty much! :D
 
All together now ...

Woh!!... Dynamic Range, woa!
What is it good for?
Absolutely nothing
Say it again y'all...

Great Bustard. Our very own IQ Starr.
:-)
 
  • 4/3 vs 1.6x: log2 (332/225) = 0.56 stops more light on the 1.6x sensor.
  • 4/3 vs 1.5x: log2 (372/225) = 0.73 stops more light on the 1.5x sensor.
  • 4/3 vs FF: log2 (864/225) = 1.94 stops more light on the FF sensor.
Not quite, because of the efficiency of the aspect ratio.
That, and the rest of my post, was 100% correct.
No, it was 96% correct.

Add in the aspect ratio correction to get to 100%.
These calculations ignore the additional aspect ratio efficiency of 4:3 over 3:2, which is roughly 4%. This changes e.g. the Canon APS-C to FT ratio from 0.55 to 0.49 "stops", and the 135 to FT ratio from 1.94 to 1.89 "stops".
They ignore nothing. You simply don't understand what they are saying (a familiar story). Here -- I'll spell it out to you. For the figures above, the assumption is that we are taking a pic of the same scene with the same exposure, so that the area of the scene in the focal plane is the same for both systems.
4:3 covers a greater area than 3:2 for the same diagonal. It is the sensor diagonal, and thus the required image circle, that relates to relative aperture.
Remember that the aperture is the diameter of the image circle...
That's wrong, right from the start. The aperture is most certainly not the diameter of the image circle.
No, it isn't. Sorry for any confusion. I was trying to make a jump to the important consideration and worded that poorly. (An explanation of how the actual image circle -- which may not be circular due to internal baffles or lens design -- projected at a given f-number is calibrated to yield the correct exposure for the sensor -- circumscribed by the "image circle" -- seemed needlessly complicated, and I assumed that you'd make the same logical leap.)

The f-number relates to the amount of light per second reaching the image circle required to circumscribe the sensor. The important part is that it is the circle circumscribing the sensor .

Varying the aperture varies the amount of light reaching the sensor. A given f-number on a system that can capture more of the light by area is more efficient in "equivalence" terms, is it not?

If you believe it isn't, then explain why. (It is capturing more of the "total light" projected through a given aperture.)
...so the closer to 1:1 the aspect ratio is the more of the light from the image circle is being used (efficiency).

This ends up being 4:3 having 4% greater efficiency than 3:2.
No. A 4:3 rectangle inscribed in a circle with the same diameter as a 3:2 rectangle will have 4% more area.
It covers 4% more area of the image circle. The aperture setting adjusts the amount of light projected onto that circle.
This does not mean "4% greater efficiency" unless the final photo is displayed at 4:3 or more square. If the photo is displayed 3:2 or more wide, then the 3:2 rectangle is "more efficient". This has been explained to you multiple times, but you still lack the cognitive capacity to understand it.
That's a crop .

Cropping is quite different in effect, because it is not part of the exposure process.
My point is...
...simply incorrect. My post was completely correct, as written. Whether you understand that or not, however, is another matter entirely.
I seem to recall having this exact same argument with you years ago, where you finally agreed that there is a 4% difference but claimed that it isn't significant.

My argument is that if you want to go to the trouble of making calculations then you should correct for this, too.
 
No, it was 96% correct.

Add in the aspect ratio correction to get to 100%.
FF has 3.8 the area of FT. This fact gives FF a √3.8 ≈ 2.0 time, or 1 stop, noise advantage over FT.

The diagonal of FF is 2.0 times the diagonal of FT. This is what matters when doing the trigonometry to calculate the angle of view. Note how that figure happens to be identical to the previous factor with two significant digits. Somehow your correction factor is too insignificant, Boggis.

Let my ask you again: With what accuracy do you know the focal length of a lens? With what accuracy do you know the shutter speed? With what accuracy do you know the size of the aperture? With what accuracy do you know the dimensions of the sensors? Why do you keep babbling about correction factors that are so small that they are meaningless in a world where we don't know any of the parameters with anything approaching the required accuracy?

--
Rikke
 
When an FT sensor is reported to be 13.0x17.3 mm all we can either assume is that it is 13±0.05 mm tall and 17.3±0.05 mm wide which means the area must be somewhere between 223.39 mm² and 226.42 mm². Or maybe they just truncated the dimensions in which case we are dealing with a sensor with the dimensions 13.05±0.05 mm by 17.35±0.05 mm in which case the area is between 224.9 mm² and 227.94 mm². As we can't know what they did when reporting the dimensions, all we can do is to assume that the area of the sensor is between 223.30 mm² and 227.94 mm² or as 225.62±2.32 mm².

--
Rikke
 
What I'm interested in is mathematical proof of your statement above (academic interest only).
".. I can tell you, for a fact , that more pixels for a given sensor size and efficiency results in more IQ all the way around."
Sorry, didn't notice your post until just now. OK, let's consider two sensors of the sames size that are equally efficient (same QE, same read noise / area, same saturation / area), where Sensor A has four times the number of pixels as Sensor B.

Without loss of generality, assume QE = 1 and the read noise for a pixel of Sensor A is 4 electrons. Let's also assume that 9 electrons fall on each pixel of Sensor A, and thus 9 x 4 = 36 electrons fall on each pixel of Sensor B (just to make the computations more simple).

The photon noise for one pixel on Sensor A is sqrt 9 = 3 electrons. This makes the total noise sqrt (3² + 4²) = 5 electrons / pixel. The total noise for four pixels on Sensor A is sqrt (5² + 5² + 5² + 5²) = 10 electrons, giving us an NSR of 10 / 36 = 28%.

Now let's consider one pixel of Sensor B. The photon noise will be sqrt 36 = 6 electrons, and the read noise is 4 x 4 = 16 electrons. This gives us a total noise of sqrt (6² + 16²) = sqrt 292 = 17 electrons, resulting in an NSR of 17 / 36 = 47%.

So, more pixels on an equally efficient sensor result in less noise / area. It is interesting to note that if the read noise were to scale with the linear dimension of the pixel, rather than the area, then the noise would be the same.
I guess we've hashed this to death. :)
Pretty much! :D
if a coronal mass ejection hits earth while i'm taking pics will my pixels have more photon noise? if not will there be any effect on my pics versus normal conditions?
 
What I'm interested in is mathematical proof of your statement above (academic interest only).
".. I can tell you, for a fact , that more pixels for a given sensor size and efficiency results in more IQ all the way around."
Sorry, didn't notice your post until just now. OK, let's consider two sensors of the sames size that are equally efficient (same QE, same read noise / area, same saturation / area), where Sensor A has four times the number of pixels as Sensor B.

Without loss of generality, assume QE = 1 and the read noise for a pixel of Sensor A is 4 electrons. Let's also assume that 9 electrons fall on each pixel of Sensor A, and thus 9 x 4 = 36 electrons fall on each pixel of Sensor B (just to make the computations more simple).

The photon noise for one pixel on Sensor A is sqrt 9 = 3 electrons. This makes the total noise sqrt (3² + 4²) = 5 electrons / pixel. The total noise for four pixels on Sensor A is sqrt (5² + 5² + 5² + 5²) = 10 electrons, giving us an NSR of 10 / 36 = 28%.

Now let's consider one pixel of Sensor B. The photon noise will be sqrt 36 = 6 electrons, and the read noise is 4 x 4 = 16 electrons. This gives us a total noise of sqrt (6² + 16²) = sqrt 292 = 17 electrons, resulting in an NSR of 17 / 36 = 47%.

So, more pixels on an equally efficient sensor result in less noise / area. It is interesting to note that if the read noise were to scale with the linear dimension of the pixel, rather than the area, then the noise would be the same.
Yes, if the read noise scales with the linear pixel dimensions, then the 'normalized' noise (like in DxO's 'print' figures) will be the same, and that's what I mean then talking about "same per area read noise" and "equally efficient" sensors. In your example, I'd say that sensor A is more efficient than sensor B.
 
Thanks Joe, now I understand better what you mean. Really it boils down to how read noise scales with pixel size (since shot noise is invariable for a given area). Does it scale linearly with pixel area as in your example?
What I'm interested in is mathematical proof of your statement above (academic interest only).
".. I can tell you, for a fact , that more pixels for a given sensor size and efficiency results in more IQ all the way around."
Sorry, didn't notice your post until just now. OK, let's consider two sensors of the sames size that are equally efficient (same QE, same read noise / area, same saturation / area), where Sensor A has four times the number of pixels as Sensor B.

Without loss of generality, assume QE = 1 and the read noise for a pixel of Sensor A is 4 electrons. Let's also assume that 9 electrons fall on each pixel of Sensor A, and thus 9 x 4 = 36 electrons fall on each pixel of Sensor B (just to make the computations more simple).

The photon noise for one pixel on Sensor A is sqrt 9 = 3 electrons. This makes the total noise sqrt (3² + 4²) = 5 electrons / pixel. The total noise for four pixels on Sensor A is sqrt (5² + 5² + 5² + 5²) = 10 electrons, giving us an NSR of 10 / 36 = 28%.

Now let's consider one pixel of Sensor B. The photon noise will be sqrt 36 = 6 electrons, and the read noise is 4 x 4 = 16 electrons. This gives us a total noise of sqrt (6² + 16²) = sqrt 292 = 17 electrons, resulting in an NSR of 17 / 36 = 47%.

So, more pixels on an equally efficient sensor result in less noise / area. It is interesting to note that if the read noise were to scale with the linear dimension of the pixel, rather than the area, then the noise would be the same.
I guess we've hashed this to death. :)
Pretty much! :D
 
While the topic is interesting in general, the question arises why this thread has been opened in the Olympus DSLR forum?

In particular by referring only to Nikon and Canon equipment, the OP is off topic as regards this forum. It might have been posted in the open forum. There might be more people interested in the topic who would not look for it in this forum.

--
http://home.fotocommunity.de/andreaspastowski
 
While the topic is interesting in general, the question arises why this thread has been opened in the Olympus DSLR forum?

In particular by referring only to Nikon and Canon equipment, the OP is off topic as regards this forum. It might have been posted in the open forum. There might be more people interested in the topic who would not look for it in this forum.
Here's the answer to your question, given very soon after this thread was started:

http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1022&message=39614596

Here's a thread on a related matter in the Open Talk Forum:

http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1018&message=39641336
 
  1. The most efficient aspect ratio for a sensor is the aspect ratio closest to the aspect ratio of the displayed photo. For example, for photos displayed at 3:2, 3:2 is the most efficient aspect ratio for the sensor. For photos displayed at 4:3, 4:3 is the most efficient aspect ratio for the sensor.
  2. This is a simple fact, but might be difficult to understand for people who think, for example, that the aperture is the same as the image circle.
  3. All this has been explained, in detail, in the posts immediately above. Your failure to understand has no bearing on the truth of the matter.
I seem to recall having this exact same argument with you years ago, where you finally agreed that there is a 4% difference but claimed that it isn't significant.

My argument is that if you want to go to the trouble of making calculations then you should correct for this, too.
All my calculations are correct, boggis -- here they are again:

http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1022&message=39640031

Those calculations take everything into account. And that "4% difference" you keep banging on about was discussed in detail in my post after that:

http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1022&message=39650976

A 4:3 rectangle inscribed in a circle with the same diameter as a 3:2 rectangle will have 4% more area. This does not mean "4% greater efficiency" unless the final photo is displayed at 4:3 or more square. If the photo is displayed 3:2 or more wide, then the 3:2 rectangle is "more efficient". This has been explained to you multiple times, but you still lack the cognitive capacity to understand it.

It really is that simple.
 
All together now ...

Woh!!... Dynamic Range, woa!
What is it good for?
Absolutely nothing
Say it again y'all...

Great Bustard. Our very own IQ Starr.
:-)
...I really love that song -- one of my favorites, actually.
 
enough prancing around
I call BS
While the topic is interesting in general, the question arises why this thread has been opened in the Olympus DSLR forum?
Here's the answer to your question, given very soon after this thread was started:

http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1022&message=39614596
which predictably answers nothing
Here's a thread on a related matter in the Open Talk Forum:

http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1018&message=39641336
and only raises the point that you when asked the simple question, how does an IMATEST RAW of 11.5 stops DR get redefined as 10.2 stops in DxO. Ive asked this several times in several ways, and you ran and hid under your flat rock in case you were pressed to answer.

And I also want to know, if a particular measure is so corrupted as to be defeated in a simple jpeg, why it has been held as the standard for sensor measurement. Because the results bear no relationship with the actualities in photography.

The point is you come to 1022 on the basis of
  • "was in 1022, not Open Talk, and there were some who were rather confused about what DR is and how it's measured"
now it seems that you are the one 'confused'
and you clearly have no idea how its measured
  • "well, yeah, it might help if "they" knew what DR is, how it is measured, and how it applies to photography, so that they would be more able to understand what is "bogus" and what is not and show a little restraint with their self-harming posts."
not withstanding your disguise that you can teach someone something when you are actually too clueless to defend yourself, perhaps your absence was to limit the amount of 'self harm' you were about to be appropriated.
  • "And those people, of course, don't "need" an education, but some might find it interesting to understand DR in a little more detail. "
perhaps they would, but wouldnt it be better if someone who knew wtf he was talking about provided the advice?
  • " The shoes fit you rather well. So, how about it -- do you want me to explain DR to you -- what it is, how it's measured, and what it's good for -- or would you rather just parade your ignorance in public? "
like a parading fool you speak to others of their supposed 'ignorance' and yet cant answer one apparently simple question. Wasnt your claim about 'some who were rather confused about what DR is and how it's measured"

you dont have a clue what you are talking about
if you did you could answer my very simple question

for people pretending to be 'educating' others here b/se they claim 1022 is some sort of special case, they should most certainly know what they are talking about, or they should stxx and peddle their poison somewhere where it is better appreciated

now this sham, this fraud, this pretence and lie should end. You serve no purpose on these questions as you cannot answer them and do not even possess the wit to defend yourself against them

--
Riley

any similarity to persons living or dead is coincidental and unintended
 
the full panoramic stenchorama hasnt hit this place yet, but it will
enough prancing around
I call BS
Give me your PayPal ID -- I'll send you the 25 cents to cover the cost of your call.
quite typically, no defence
you cant answer my very simple question

you have (among others) lorded over this place with this pretence of 'knowledge' for years. This paper thin veneer of lies is a cover to troll and argue

now your backs against the wall
this is a direct challenge to what you are supposed to be able to answer

yet your bluff has been called, and you and your trolling buddies are busy handing out the blindfolds.

have fun under the flat rock

--
Riley

any similarity to persons living or dead is coincidental and unintended
 
the full panoramic stenchorama hasnt hit this place yet, but it will
You're here, aren't you? And, aside from the "entertainment value" of your posts, what else is there to expect?
nothing to do with your likewise fraudulent claim

you have been asked 2 very pertinent questions seen above,
which you do not have the talent or the honesty to answer

pick up your sandals at the door teach
its over

--
Riley

any similarity to persons living or dead is coincidental and unintended
 

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