SD15 Reviewed in the new Popular Photograpy magazine...

I'll clip lots, as I am too lazy to write much.
I repeat: JPG is not a linear data format like RAW-fortmats are.
Yes is absolutely is, it has a range from 0 to 255 brighness values - as reported in the Loupe function of Sigma PhotPro for the three colors (R,G and B).
I was a bit careless in my wording, and of course you're right. What I meant was that when you store the image into JPG, the image is not the same linear space image the RAW file was, but has gamma curve adjustment and other adjustments, possible for example lifting up the shadows - including more of the dynamic range of the captured scene, than would be if the image were just a straight gamma corrected image. I really should think before I write, sorry about it.
I think what you mean is that to display the stops naturaly one has to use a non-linear curve (the tone curve) - the S-curve you see in the DPR test
Well, not quite - the S-curve is not to produce a natural image, but to increase contrast in the important area, typically midtones. But gamma correction is just a simple curve with one bend, not an S with two.
If you don't want to burn the outdoors, you need to have a high DR camera which allows you to push the indoor part of the image.
Here you go wrong - it is impossible to do that. Our eyes can because they can

ocally adjust for such a huge DR. But no displaying tool is able to do that (today
2010) Either you will always blow out the highlights when bringing the shadows

up OR you reduce the contrast untill the DR can be accommodated - not a > natural looking picture OR you use a Fill Light/dodging/HDR type of non-linear > manipulation of the contrast to attempt to achieve a 'more natural' looking > presentation.
It depends on the difference in the light - a coal cellar and bright outdoors, you'

re right, but more conservative difference, and the new D7000 and K-5 are able to do it at the base ISO. The new Sony sensor is truly amazing when it comes to read noise - not only it is very very low, but it is also highly symmetric (meaning no banding etc.).

Also you're now mixing diplaying devices and capturing devices - the discussion is not about the properties of paper and ink, or such, but about capturing devices. How the extra DR captured can be viewed is a different topic.

When it comes to human eye, we only see a very tiny area at any time, and even that at rather low quality. It is our brain which computes us high DR imagery - we don't see extreme DR at any given time AFAIK - if we did, our pupils would never change in size. The computer on our should does create a nice illusion of rock solid eyesight though ;)
I will show what I mean:
I have measured the scene below manualy for DR and it has 11 stops of DR.

First the Backlighted situation - normal picture: as expected no detail in the shadows
11 stops is something the new D7000 and K-5 can handle with very good results (even though DXO rates then as 14 stops or so, for quality output less is realistic, but of course this depends on our quality requirements as well as output size). Also the old Fuji DSLR with the kludge-sensor would probably handle this situatioin all right.
There is nothing unnatural about this. This is one of the two reasons why Nikon's and Pentax's new high-DR cameras are really exiting - masssive ability to push the shadows without excess noise.
Here I agree again, a sensor with a bigger DR will enable you to lift the shadows more without seeing an increase of the noise in the dark parts.

But as I wrote above, that is not what I mean : I litteraly mean the ability to record and display a max and min value of light one pixel next to another - and
Displaying the images is irrelevant - that is totally different topic and has little to do with cameras or sensors.
this to explain why some pictures taken with a Foveon sensor have a clealy visible impressive DR that is not backed by the DR mearement.
This again has nothing to do with DR :)

Also you not only underestimate the demosaicing algorithms in use today, but also forget that every currect Bayer-based DSLR sensor has lots more pixels than any Foveon-based sensor. If one decides, one can do the worst imaginable demosaicing by just combining 4 pixels into one pixel and reducing the pixel count by a factor of 4, halving the original resolution, turning a 16Mp bayer sensor into producing 4Mp images. If we do this, we can do exactly what you describe - move from one colour to another without any transition. This however is extremely suboptimal, literally the worst possible way to do the demosaicing, yet it would still about equal any current Foveon image resolutionwise and be superior in every other department! Doing a proper demosaicing gives vastly superior quality compared to this extreme case.

Of course, if the SD1 comes out, it will create very interesting resolution figures, and local contrast too. A nice tool for black and white photography, I am sure.
This is why Foveon pictures can give the a very high DR impression that is not sustained by the general DR measurement method. IMO off course
You're talking about contrast or local contrast, not about dynamic range :)
 
Lets try a basic scheme
Asume black : 0 - white 256 gray : everything inbetween
Foveon :
0 0 256 0 0
Or actually there will be some noise and plenty of mixups between the colour channels and adjacent pixels (especially reds).
Bayer (before Demosaicing)
0 0 256 0 0 (although in RGB pixels)

Bayer (after Demosaicing)
0 128 256 128 0
No, not really - the demosaicing is actually far more advanced process than this, and creates far superior results to what you demonstrate - this is easy to demonstrate by taking picture of text or other such subjects with high contrast.
Foveon: black black 8stops black black
Bayer: black 7stops 1stop 7stops 1stop black

The foveon has 1 max bright pixel surounded by 2 pitch blacks

The Bayer creates a gray intermediate pixel next to the bright pixel this reduces the DR pixel to pixel.

Thank you Jef !

That is the best explanation I have seen as to why the Foveon image is so sharp and the colours so excellent.
I had been musing over this myself but you have hit the nail on the head
This pixel to pixel DR ability explains everything
Too bad it's not about DR, but about contrast. DR is a property of the whole image, not property of a difference between two adjacent pixels.
Not only does it explain the sharpness but also the almost 3D effect you can get.
Now, this I have never understood, this 3d-claim. I don't understand what it means and so on. Instead it sounds like a myth. I would like to see an image comparison where this "3D" exists and another where this "3D" doesn't exist. Honestly, I do want to understand the source of this, whether it is a myth or not.
It also explain the wonderful colours as you can have say 2 full red pixels next to 3 full green pixels
Actually Foveon sensor has not only big problems with metameric failure due to the silicon-filtering issue, but also plenty of other colour related issues due to the vertical pixel structure. I must emphasize, that I don't deny that the colours can be delightful, but not any more than with any of today's Bayer-sensor cameras, just less accurate than with them.
This inter pixel dr and inter pixel colour dr ( for use of a better term) has to be the secret of the Foveon image
Try local contrast , contrast, acuity, sharpness. But not DR, please as it has nothing to do with DR ;)
 
Hello PM,

It is true that the effect becomes less and less pronounced as the Bayer pixel count increases versus the SD14/15. What the SD1 will bring ...
No, not really - the demosaicing is actually far more advanced process than this, and creates far superior results to what you demonstrate - this is easy to demonstrate by taking picture of text or other such subjects with high contrast.
But still I see it clearly in the pictures of the latest cameras.
Thank you Jef !

That is the best explanation I have seen as to why the Foveon image is so sharp and the colours so excellent.
I had been musing over this myself but you have hit the nail on the head
This pixel to pixel DR ability explains everything
Too bad it's not about DR, but about contrast. DR is a property of the whole image, not property of a difference between two adjacent pixels.
But I see that we are starting to repeat ourselves in this thread.
There is no harm in agreeing to disagree, which I do.

best regards ... jef
 
To me this supposed explanation sounds like babble. I'll be charitable and say that it might be that my powers of compehension are inadequate and there might be some truth here in which case I am open to a different/better explanation but intuitively something sounds wrong to me.

I think you have a much more realistic understanding than Jef and 425 - but hey, we're all friends here, so we can give it another go...

--
Galleries and website: http://www.whisperingcat.co.uk/default.shtml
 
What's 3d about this shot? It looks as flat as flat can be to me. I suspect this talk of "3D" isn't helpful. People who use are referring to something else but they can't think of a word for it so they call it 3d. Then people who know exactly what 3d looks like look at a perfectly 2d image and say "Huh?"...
The original TIFF is even better!





--
William Wilgus
--
Galleries and website: http://www.whisperingcat.co.uk/default.shtml
 
Actually Foveon sensor has not only big problems with metameric failure due to the silicon-filtering issue, but also plenty of other colour related issues due to the vertical pixel structure.
One (hopefully) last question from me: what exactly issues you have in mind?
You don't expect Dr. Moronox to give examples from his own use of Foveon cameras, do you?

That's the thing. It's easy to create a new pseudonym for the sake of a single thread and use buzzword of the week, but if metameric failure really was the biggest problem of Foveon, it would have dominated the market by now ;)
 
It may not be a major problem but it is an occasional problem. Foveon colour can be lovely but it has issues with accuracy that various flavours of SPP have tried to address. My sense is that Foveon are slowly improving colour but I suspect it is a very difficult perhaps intractable problem for the Foveon sensor.

The colour fliter array for all its drawbacks doesn't seem to suffer this particular issue. Colour seem relatively easy to get right, manufacturers merely choosing to adopt a particular colour palette they like.

I don't see this as a showstopper for general work but the claims often made that foveon colour is especially accurate seem to be misplaced.
Actually Foveon sensor has not only big problems with metameric failure due to the silicon-filtering issue, but also plenty of other colour related issues due to the vertical pixel structure.
One (hopefully) last question from me: what exactly issues you have in mind?
You don't expect Dr. Moronox to give examples from his own use of Foveon cameras, do you?

That's the thing. It's easy to create a new pseudonym for the sake of a single thread and use buzzword of the week, but if metameric failure really was the biggest problem of Foveon, it would have dominated the market by now ;)
--
Galleries and website: http://www.whisperingcat.co.uk/default.shtml
 
Actually Foveon sensor has not only big problems with metameric failure due to the silicon-filtering issue, but also plenty of other colour related issues due to the vertical pixel structure.
One (hopefully) last question from me: what exactly issues you have in mind?
You don't expect Dr. Moronox to give examples from his own use of Foveon cameras, do you?

That's the thing. It's easy to create a new pseudonym for the sake of a single thread and use buzzword of the week, but if metameric failure really was the biggest problem of Foveon, it would have dominated the market by now ;)
Well, one has to start from some place, so why not from this thread? Rome was not built in a day, as you know ;)

And no, I don't think it is the only major problem with Foveon. Low pixel count and high read noise leading to poor high ISO and relatively low DR are others. And then we can talk about the problems of the camera's the sensors were put into, and lacking advertising and so on. If/When the SD1 comes out the pixel count problem is gone, the increase in sensor size should improve the DR a little bit, but the underlaying problems of the sensor architecture remain. However, I would be delighted to get a pocket camera with a viewfinder with the SD1 sensor - just for B&W street shooting. Maybe Sigma will make one someday.
 
Personally I have no objection with what you wrote here.

I also think that CFA's are easier to get to a certain desired color than the Foveon.
But all the makes do look a little different .

I don't use my pictures as a scientific tool so absolute accuracy doesn't rank very high for me. I just like the colors and appearance of the pictures my camera produces. Others might and will have other desires/opinions

Film was not color accurate either, people had a certain favorite and bought that film.

Now that everything is tweakable, satisfaction seems further away than ever it would seem.

jef
It may not be a major problem but it is an occasional problem. Foveon colour can be lovely but it has issues with accuracy that various flavours of SPP have tried to address. My sense is that Foveon are slowly improving colour but I suspect it is a very difficult perhaps intractable problem for the Foveon sensor.

The colour fliter array for all its drawbacks doesn't seem to suffer this particular issue. Colour seem relatively easy to get right, manufacturers merely choosing to adopt a particular colour palette they like.

I don't see this as a showstopper for general work but the claims often made that foveon colour is especially accurate seem to be misplaced.
Actually Foveon sensor has not only big problems with metameric failure due to the silicon-filtering issue, but also plenty of other colour related issues due to the vertical pixel structure.
One (hopefully) last question from me: what exactly issues you have in mind?
You don't expect Dr. Moronox to give examples from his own use of Foveon cameras, do you?

That's the thing. It's easy to create a new pseudonym for the sake of a single thread and use buzzword of the week, but if metameric failure really was the biggest problem of Foveon, it would have dominated the market by now ;)
--
Galleries and website: http://www.whisperingcat.co.uk/default.shtml
 
It may not be a major problem but it is an occasional problem. Foveon colour can be lovely but it has issues with accuracy that various flavours of SPP have tried to address. My sense is that Foveon are slowly improving colour but I suspect it is a very difficult perhaps intractable problem for the Foveon sensor.
Yes. The Foveon architecture has a hard limit for colour accuracy which will always keep it below par. But the colours can still be very lovely.
The colour fliter array for all its drawbacks doesn't seem to suffer this particular issue. Colour seem relatively easy to get right, manufacturers merely choosing to adopt a particular colour palette they like.
Colour filters can be designed much more close to mimic the response of our own eyesight. There the limit is in price instead of property of the used material.
I don't see this as a showstopper for general work but the claims often made that foveon colour is especially accurate seem to be misplaced.
I agree fully.
 
Personally I have no objection with what you wrote here.

I also think that CFA's are easier to get to a certain desired color than the Foveon.
Yes, even the least accurate CFA sensor of today produces more accurate colours than the Foveon will ever do. But as we agree, this is just accuracy - colours can be beautiful even if wrong.
But all the makes do look a little different .

I don't use my pictures as a scientific tool so absolute accuracy doesn't rank very high for me. I just like the colors and appearance of the pictures my camera produces. Others might and will have other desires/opinions
Yes - product and fashion photographers also like accuratge colours, but on the other hand for landscapes it is not important as all the beautiful Velvia-shots prove, and landscape is IMHO Foveon architecture's strongest point, other than b&w imaging, though until the SD1 appears, the resolution is a bit limiting for large output sizes.
Film was not color accurate either, people had a certain favorite and bought that film.
Exactly. I myself do appreciate Sigma's effort to advance the Foveon technology - there is wealth in difference and availability of choice. It's their false advertisement I don't like so much :) (not that the other manufacturers are really much better though...)
Now that everything is tweakable, satisfaction seems further away than ever it would seem.
Good point :)
 
Actually Foveon sensor has not only big problems with metameric failure due to the silicon-filtering issue, but also plenty of other colour related issues due to the vertical pixel structure.
One (hopefully) last question from me: what exactly issues you have in mind?
You don't expect Dr. Moronox to give examples from his own use of Foveon cameras, do you?

That's the thing. It's easy to create a new pseudonym for the sake of a single thread and use buzzword of the week, but if metameric failure really was the biggest problem of Foveon, it would have dominated the market by now ;)
Well, one has to start from some place, so why not from this thread? Rome was not built in a day, as you know ;)
Says an emperor in new clothes? :p
And no, I don't think it is the only major problem with Foveon. Low pixel count and high read noise leading to poor high ISO and relatively low DR are others.
You're right about high ISO and technically may be right about DR, although the perceived DR is pretty impressive when you see it from your own shots. Possibly because the highlights are blown in a more subtle way than we're used to?
And then we can talk about the problems of the camera's the sensors were put into, and lacking advertising and so on. If/When the SD1 comes out the pixel count problem is gone, the increase in sensor size should improve the DR a little bit, but the underlaying problems of the sensor architecture remain. However, I would be delighted to get a pocket camera with a viewfinder with the SD1 sensor - just for B&W street shooting. Maybe Sigma will make one someday.
Sure, I'd love a DP2z with 15.3MP x3 sensor, but I'm also pretty sure I'd mostly use it binned to half resolution. The reason is simple: The DP2 has enough resolution to spit out great A2 prints and spectacular A3 prints and I frankly don't need anything larger.

But from a marketing perspective you're right: Pixel count will no longer be worth debating.
 
Actually Foveon sensor has not only big problems with metameric failure due to the silicon-filtering issue, but also plenty of other colour related issues due to the vertical pixel structure.
One (hopefully) last question from me: what exactly issues you have in mind?
::::
Sorry, you didn't answer my simple and explicit question - what exactly [other] issues [related to vertical pixel structure] you have in mind?

--
Arvo
Sigma/Foveon information collection and little gallery:
http://www.stv.ee/~donq/sigma.htm
http://www.stv.ee/~donq/images.htm
 
If you can't see how the duck seems to 'leap out' at you compared to the water, I'm sorry for you in that you're possibly somewhat vision impared. Regardless, look at it again, especially at how the neck stands out from the background water. That's where the 3-D effect is the most obvious.

Haven't the foggiest idea what kind of a duck it is.
--
William Wilgus
 
I had the canon Rebel T2I which is a the same price point as the SD15

the SD15 blows it out of the water.
 

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