And this is another weird thing. REAL test results (for example,
those conducted by Phil) show the opposite is true.
I have a hard time trying to reconcile DXO results with real world
testing by Phil and many other reviewers.
The discrepancy between DxO's results and the manufacturer's ISOs is
very straightforward to explain, and it's all down to how metering
and exposure works.
Basically the conflict is between two ways of measuring ISO. One
method is to determine the exposure required such that, if you spot
meter off an 18% grey card and then take a picture of it, the grey is
rendered at a luminance of 50% in the resultant image file. I'd argue
this is the method most relevant to how the majority of photographers
work, and if you test cameras this way they will all give essentially
the same answer (always bearing in mind that ISO 12232 allows a
tolerance of 1/3 stop either way, probably as much to cater for
manufacturing variations as anything else).
However DxO use a different method, which is based on the point where
highlights clip to white. This does not necessarily give the same
answer as the grey-point method due to tone curve differences between
cameras, and the difference between the two methods generates the
discrepancy in DxO's results. In fact it turns out that the
difference actually reflects the highlight dynamic range of the
camera; the lower DxO's "true" ISO, the more higlight DR you've got.
Perhaps the easiest way to consider this is to think in terms of
taking two images of a high dynamic-range scene, using identical
shutter speeds and apertures but with and without Highlight Tone
Priority turned on. Visually, both will be correctly exposed, and by
the grey card test, both shot at the same ISO. But the highlight
clipping point will be shifted by a stop between the two, and
therefore using that definition they will have been shot at ISOs one
stop apart, with an ISO 200 HTP shot considered to be ISO 100.
Now this doesn't actually mean DxO's method is wrong, as they are
only concerned with RAW data not output image files, indeed it's the
only way they can compare RAW output on an equal footing. But it's
purely about technical comparison of RAW data, not about using the
camera.
--
Andy Westlake
dpreview.com/lensreviews