DOF

1) It's ridiculous for someone to adhere or attack a shooting style because his brand of choice has an advantage or a disadvantage re that style.

2) For me it depends on the subject. Here are two recent shots, both nature subjects, first requires shallow, other requires deep DoF.





--
Regards, Renato.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/11435304@N04

 
1) Neither shallow or deep DOF is better than the other they are
merely techniques at our disposal to use as we see fit.
Agree.
2) Clearly different format offer different possibilities, so for
most of us we need more than one camera and once again saying A is
better than B is pretty pointless.
You have to spell out "clearly". In what ways do different formats offer different possiblities? Many make it sound like larger formats are handicapped for deep DOF, and this is simply not so.
3) Many new photographers probably seek out the shallow DOF look to a
degree as they relate it to achieving pro-type photographic results,
to a degree this is a true reflection, however many pros shoot for
deep DOF too, it depends on the job, clearly portraits are generally
shallow DOF most of the time.
I seek it out because we see in three dimensions, yet photos are two dimensional. Shallow DOF goes a long way to giving a less 2D look.
4) It is actually very much harder to create really good compositions
with deep DOF as you have to pay far more attention to all the
elements in the photo. The shallow DOF has the effect of simplifying
the image which makes the message clearer and less distracted by
other elements which is often a really good thing.
That's also because while our eyes "see" in deep DOF, our brain "sees" in shallow DOF. That is, we usually focus on the subject in everyday sight and ignore all else, the same as we filter sound.
5) On professional shoots really shallow DOF is often a real problem
as there is very little sneeze room for focus inaccuracies and
subject movement, so often I would go for a little more DOF rather
than risk a shot that can't be sold because nothing ends up sharp.
That's why accurate focus is a must. It requires both skill and good equipment.
6) I personally would love to see more deep DOF portraits, many years
ago I produced such things professionally where the subject was part
of his environment and the two were actually important to the shot.
In the initial post in this thread, I asked if any had some to share. The only deep DOF people pics I see are studio portraits with a muslin background or UWA.
7) A lot of the really shallow DOF stuff we see is medium format,
which is great when you need that look but it was also very hard to
work with on the job compared to 35mm, no sneeze room and slow
shutter speeds if you really needed deep DOF. But the DOF look you
get with MF is to my eyes far better than that of FF digital or APS
type sensors.
Well, it's funny that you say that, because MF lenses are not as fast as 35mm FF lenses, and it enjoys no advantage in terms of DOF for the most part.
8) I feel to an extent shallow DOF approaches at present are a bit of
an over- reaction to the deep DOF characteristic of the compact
cameras and as a result some of it is probably a bit overdone, the
nicest results I feel lie somewhere in the middle ground.
I, too, feel that most people "abuse" shallow DOF and use lower f-ratios only to use a lower ISO and get less noise.
9) To a degree the look of the DOF is effected by the lens clarity,
some lenses are so bittingly sharp where the image parts are in focus
that the out of focus areas look more out of focus than they really
are because the contrast between in focus and out of focus areas is
very pronounced. (I just love these lenses)
You'll have to show me examples of both sides of that coin.
10) The shallow DOF looks success' is very much dependent on the
final print size, if you are printing large then it can easily end up
looking way too soft, yet its fine in a Postcard or 5 by 7 print for
the desktop.
Well, I've printed f/1.2 pics at 20x30inches, and, quite honestly, they rock. My favorite print size is 12x18, and they look just as they do on my computer monitor at that size.
11) Noise is far more obvious on smooth toned shallow DOF areas so it
probably a good thing that compact don't do real shallow DOF so well,
but it also means high ISOs and shallow DOF on DSLRs are not that
clever either, though in practice it shouldn't be a problem as wide
apertures usually means less need for high ISOs.
Compacts cannot even approach the DOFs of FF. For example, f/2.8 on a Canon G9 corresponds to f/13 on 35mm FF. Secondly, I've printed virtually noisless ISO 3200 pics at 12x18, in particular, the ice cream pic here:

http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1032&message=25513052
12) A strange little anomaly is the the as we go larger in print size
the DSLR may actually be at a disadvantage to the compact for deep
FOF shots given reasonable viewing distances, this is because the
regardless of the aperture the actual DOF is still not as great as
the compact so when you enlarge right up the out of DOF areas become
more obviously not quite in focus and this is accentuated because the
in focus areas are proportionally sharper. Of course the compact has
more noise....but then from 3 feet or more its not actually visable
and the image has roughly the same sharpness across the whole image
depth. I know that will cause some eyebrow raising but I promise I
have lots of exhibition prints from the two formats that demonstrate
this.
The only time larger formats are at a disadvantage for deeper DOFs is when they have to exceed their higher ISOs to maintain the DOF and shutter speed.

--
--joe

http://www.josephjamesphotography.com
http://www.pbase.com/joemama/
 
Shallow DOF is never forced on you by the equipment, except when
you need to exceed the highest ISO of the equipment to maintain
enough shutter speed for the DOF you desire.
That exception is very important, although your statement would be
more accurate if you had said: ..... except when you need to exceed
the ISO you have chosen to use to maintain enough shutter speed for
the DOF you desire.
If you "chose", then you were not "forced".

--
--joe

http://www.josephjamesphotography.com
http://www.pbase.com/joemama/
 
DOF is a an effect govered by laws of physics. The definition and governing equations are well described in:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depth_of_field

Ironically, if lenses were perfect, there would be no depth of field and it would be very difficult to photograph any finite physical object very close to the camera. The better the lens, the shallower the DOF. That is because the diameter of the least circle of confusion appears in the equation.

Since it is something we can only control by understanding how it works. it can be a very useful tool.

My son-in-law is a noted landscape photographer who uses a view camera. He extends DOF by tilting the lensboard, creating a wedge of sharp focaus. View cameras have very large f stop numbers (slow lenses), which also helps. They are always used on tripods and the exposure is always a time exposure. It takes quite a while to set up a scene. He focuses on ground glass in place of the film holder and uses a magnifying glass to examine various parts of the scene image. It takes many iterations between focus and tilt to get it right, but the results can be stunning, a sea of wild flowers that start right in front and below the camera and go on for ever.

Of course in portrait and macro photography selective focus is used creativly.

People who disparage DOF simply are showing their lack of understanding and unwillingness to learn how to exploit its effects beneficially to the situation.
 
Yep, me again. Weren't you just waiting for me to respond to this
thread?
I was holding my breath.
No, you want to push your own agenda and force feed it to others.
Define my agenda, then link and quote where I "force feed it to others".
Your agenda is obvious. You're determined to be right, at any cost.
This is partially true. I am, in fact, determined to be right, but not at any cost. But I don't always start out right. I'll give an example. I made a claim here:

http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1029&message=28160755

was told I was wrong, I argued my case, and was then shown to be wrong, and I then apologized for having been stupid:

http://forums.dpreview.com/forums/read.asp?forum=1029&message=28173323
I'm the one who said you want to force feed it to others. I never
said you said it. There are no links or quotes to link to or quote,
which anyone with a clue can see.
I meant link and quote where I "force feed it to others".
Unlike you, I don't have a fanatical hangup with linking and quoting
anyway, and I have better things to do than spend hours going through
other threads and posts looking for ammunition to use against
someone, and especially out of context ammunition that has little or
nothing to do with the current thread, like you do so much.
OK, we'll just take you at your word. That makes it easier, eh?
Their responses are unsolicited, since photography is not my job, and
they didn't know I was the photographer.
So you say.
Nice. Well, if you want to imply that I'm a liar, then why not just say all the pics I'm posting aren't mine, anyway?
Do they ask me to make 20x30 inch colorplaques for them?
I don't know, do they?
Ditto the above.
My opinion is just my opinion, although a lot of other people
apparently share it, based on what you say about so many people
attacking shallow DOF. I'm glad to know you're thinking of me joe and
that you started this thread "in part" because of me. I already knew
that by the way.
See, that's just what I'm saying. You call me an "arrogant turd", yet you, and others, dismiss a photographic style with quite a bit of vitriol. I don't like deep DOF people pics for the most part, but do you hear me ripping on it?
But it was how he rendered the subject, which, last I looked, is what
I was talking about when I referenced him.
Well, since this thread is about DOF, the context of your comment
could rightfully be taken as being about that topic. Maybe you should
have been more specific in the first place.
Well, since the topic strayed from DOF, maybe you should have realized that. Sheesh.
I didn't say I was proud of them but I suppose it's safe to say that
I think they're pretty good, especially since I shot them with small
sensor cameras. And if you read what I said about them in the other
thread, you'll notice I said I was going for maximum DOF. You should
also notice that the subjects are mostly to completely in focus with
only the backgrounds being out of focus, except for the last picture
(the boy) where the subject is mostly in focus but a little OOF
toward the back of his head. As I also said in that thread, those
photos were to show that shallow DOF can be achieved with small
sensor cameras. Just imagine if I had used a wide open aperture.
Yeah, well, there's an easy solution to that -- don't use a wide open aperture.

--
--joe

http://www.josephjamesphotography.com
http://www.pbase.com/joemama/
 
On the first one the shallow DOF highlighting the eye is nicely
artistic, but a bit too obvious for my taste, but I think I can see
where you're coming from ;-)
In fact, the eye was also desaturated, but not as much as the rest of the image. I thought it struck the right balance, but I can also easily see how you'd think it to be a bit too much. Thanks for the kind words on the portraits and macros!

--
--joe

http://www.josephjamesphotography.com
http://www.pbase.com/joemama/
 
The animosity occurs when 4/3 folks claim that the larger DOF makes
their format superior... while completely ignoring that you can
freakin stop a lens down on a larger format camera (obvious, you cant
go the other way).

If shallow DOF isnt important, then fine, but dont ignore common facts.
I've seen this fact stated a few times in the Olympus forums where I often browse because I use an Olympus 4/3 but I agree with what you say.

What's important (and a person should choose accordingly) is the range between shallowness of DOF possible and diffraction limits. Compared to 35 mm, at the same field of view, standing in the same place to take the photo, a digicam will not give you below about f16 35 mm equivalent DOF at f2.8 (for the smallest sensor), a 4/3 camera will not give below f5.6 at f2.8 and on cropped sensors you will not get below about f4 at f2.8. All these sytems allow you stop down the aperture to beyond diffraction limits and they will all do it at about the same 35 mm equivalent aperture.

There is no limit to worry about for deep DOF as any camera with a sensor smaller than full frame can do it, will give you more than you would ever want due to diffraction limits and no one sensor size is capable of gving you more DOF before diffraction becomes an issue. Those who claim a deep DOF benefit of their system are deluding themselves.

The smaller the sensor, the less shallowness of DOF that is possible. A person should choose according to their needs, not worry about what other's choose for their needs.

IMO shallow DOF is something that can make or break a photo. Those who don't understand this are obviously not taking the types of photos where it's important. So stop worrying about it. When you need it, you'll know it.
 
....Thanks to crop sensorsm, the average digital photographer (including you medium format shooters too).. and used to the "benefits" of shooting with crop cameras, mainly because they believe they gain something from not using the full image circle that 35mm lenses produce.

I can't stand crop cameras regardless of shooting long or wide, with the small exception of shooting landscapes, and some product type shots where the more DOF the better..

I'm looking forward to an all FF system where I don't have to buy a separate body..(or more) just to capture action. I'm sorry, but 3 & 4fps just sucks to the max for shooting action. I miss the days when I could shoot FF,...you know,.,.like in film.. and get the same great shots I was able to get before I was forced into using 1.x cr(a)p cameras!

JP
--
http://www.Myspace.com/JPphotographer
 
...
I seek it out because we see in three dimensions, yet photos are two
dimensional. Shallow DOF goes a long way to giving a less 2D look.
...
Perspective is another.



And, of course, all Oly pics are 3-dimensional ;-)

Jeff
 
I seek it out because we see in three dimensions, yet photos are two
dimensional. Shallow DOF goes a long way to giving a less 2D look.
Allow me to share two examples to complement your wonderful pic:

Deep:

Canon 5D + 24 / 1.4L @ f / 8, 1/800, ISO 100

http://www.pbase.com/joemama/image/96946867



Shallow:

Canon 5D + 50 / 1.2L @ f / 1.2, 1/8000, ISO 100

http://www.pbase.com/joemama/image/96832281



I also took deep DOF pics of the second scene, but they just didn't do it for me.
And, of course, all Oly pics are 3-dimensional ;-)
But of course! : )

--
--joe

http://www.josephjamesphotography.com
http://www.pbase.com/joemama/
 
Yes, I've taken them three different ways.

1) Photographs in a parallel orthographic projection (which you
incorrectly identified as "isometric", a non-parallel orthographic
projection that cannot exist physically)
Hey, that's what they called it in my high school drafting class. It was, of course, in the previous century, in a different language, and in a country that no longer exists, so my terminology could be somewhat garbled in translation and dated...
are taken naturally by
"object side telecentric" lenses, quite commonly used in industrial
photography and process control.
That would be very interesting to see. How do you focus these lenses? Or do they have infinite DOF? Is the FOV a cylinder of the lense's aperture diameter, or can it be adjusted?

The rest of the techniques you list are based on software modification of the images' geometry, rather than captured directly by the lens:
2) [...] "focus stacking" technique [...]

3) [...] stitching [...]
 
...
Is it just me, or does that shot make you feel like you're leaning to
the right?
You are right. Something was bothering me about the picture, but I couldn't figure out what it was. I just rotated it very slightly in LR, and it looks better - more in balance and less tense. Thanks.

Jeff
 
our retina is 2D. What we do, is that our brains then, after some time spent learning, develop a sense of 3D based on the 2D image, using things like:
  • perspective (objects smaller because further away)
  • light (objects in very different light will likely be at different distances)
  • blobs of colour (generally, it's not a red blob sticking out of a blue blob, it's rather a red blob partially hidden by a blue blob)
  • "reasonable" (because usual) shapes (reasoning similar to blobs of colour)
  • and so on
This learning pattern has been described in detail by many researchers working on baby learning patterns. And this has also been well observed in the rare cases of people who, blind at birth, gained some vision at an age when they could speak and describe.

Now your POINT was, "the eye sees in 3D, and shallow DOF helps bring 3D into 2D". I think I see what you mean, but it's really the BRAIN, not at all the EYE, that sees in 3D. And imho, the brain does not at all use shallow DOF (it's easy to experiment), but rather the brain decides to pay less attention to the areas of the field of vision we're not examining at the moment - they're often not blurry, we just decide to not pay attention.

Personally, when I look at shallow DOF shots, I think I see the point, but I find them quite frustrating because precisedly, my eye-brain tool is prevented from playing by moving around the image, because I'm forced to look at only that bit, only that plane of focus, where in real life I'd be free to go further away, or closer.

Also, I find that it lacks subtlety - for example that stunning portrait of a man w an interesting face and the eye "sticking out", I bet that w less aggressive shallow DOF it might still work (the eye would still "stick out") but it would be less frustrating to look at. Again, that's just my feeling, my taste, my opinion - not an absolute truth!

take care
 
our retina is 2D. What we do, is that our brains then, after some
time spent learning, develop a sense of 3D based on the 2D image,
using things like:
  • perspective (objects smaller because further away)
  • light (objects in very different light will likely be at different
distances)
  • blobs of colour (generally, it's not a red blob sticking out of a
blue blob, it's rather a red blob partially hidden by a blue blob)
  • "reasonable" (because usual) shapes (reasoning similar to blobs of
colour)
  • and so on
Two eyes (stereoscopic) is a big one. One eye doesn't see in 3D, but two do, for nearby objects.

--
Lee Jay
(see profile for equipment)
 
from your galleries one gets the clear impression that you went from what was then a good compact (now the G9, and even better compact), to then a 20D solid dslr, to then a 5D very solid dslr.

having personally taken the step - but then given up (I owned a D300 for nearly two weeks, great machine but in too many instances I found it so less practical/walkable than my humble FZ-18, also I never got real sharp shots so I returned it just in case it would have been the body, turns out it was probably the limit of the 18-200 and me doing a bit too much pixel-peeping), I cannot help but notice that as you went up in gear, you also went up in talent ;-)

What would you say? Did you just go up in talent, and would you have done the same progressively better photos, irrespective of the hardware? Or did the hardware contribute, at least at the edge?

Maybe you'll find my compliments too brutal, and maybe you'll just tell me that who knows what is the part coming from the photographer, and that coming from the equipment?
 
and yes it's a very important one obviously - two eyes, and a solid brain to be able to compose two slightly different streams of info, and recognize, in real-time if you please, which bits are about the same object but w small variations due to perspective, and which bits are from different objects. All this when the data is just bits of colour. And 125megapixels per eye if you please.

When one remembers al the issues w the EOS-1D MKIII, issues w AF-tracking on a mere 10mp chip and only modest intelligence behind it all, one sees that camera makers can still progress a bit before they get even close to what an eye/brain sytem can do!
  • sensor the size of that of a compact camera
  • 125mp
  • real-time AF, perfect tracking in all directions, from near-zero to infinity
  • wonderful DR
  • wonderful sensitivity to low light (w no visible noise)
  • ...
 
our retina is 2D. What we do, is that our brains then, after some
time spent learning, develop a sense of 3D based on the 2D image,
using things like:
  • perspective (objects smaller because further away)
  • light (objects in very different light will likely be at different
distances)
  • blobs of colour (generally, it's not a red blob sticking out of a
blue blob, it's rather a red blob partially hidden by a blue blob)
  • "reasonable" (because usual) shapes (reasoning similar to blobs of
colour)
  • and so on
Apologies for having so poorly worded my post. Yes, our eye "sees" in 2D, but our brain "sees" in 3D.
Now your POINT was, "the eye sees in 3D, and shallow DOF helps bring
3D into 2D". I think I see what you mean, but it's really the BRAIN,
not at all the EYE, that sees in 3D.
Exactly.
And imho, the brain does not at all use shallow DOF (it's easy to experiment),
but rather the brain decides to pay less attention to the areas of the field of
vision we're not examining at the moment - they're often not blurry, we just
decide to not pay attention.
Again, that is what I meant to say. Apologies again for not having worded it better.
Personally, when I look at shallow DOF shots, I think I see the
point, but I find them quite frustrating because precisedly, my
eye-brain tool is prevented from playing by moving around the image,
because I'm forced to look at only that bit, only that plane of
focus, where in real life I'd be free to go further away, or closer.
This is likely because the image itself is usually so small in comparison to the FOV the eye sees, and the image is a frozen moment in time that you have time to contemplate, whereas in reality that scene exists only briefly before it changes or we look away.
Also, I find that it lacks subtlety - for example that stunning
portrait of a man w an interesting face and the eye "sticking out", I
bet that w less aggressive shallow DOF it might still work (the eye
would still "stick out") but it would be less frustrating to look at.
Again, that's just my feeling, my taste, my opinion - not an absolute
truth!
For sure, not all will have the same sense of what the best balance of DOF for an image is. However, for my tastes, shallow is usually better for the scenes I like to take pics of.

--
--joe

http://www.josephjamesphotography.com
http://www.pbase.com/joemama/
 
...
Allow me to share two examples to complement your wonderful pic:
...
Thanks for the comment.

I think your choices of deep and shallow DOF for the two pictures were the right ones. It is also interesting to see the DOF that you get with the 50mm at f/1.2 on FF, as it represents the limit of what is possible at that focal length (other than with a Noctilux on a film rangefinder, I guess).

Jeff
 
The 4/3 is as far away from the largest P&S sensor (except the new
Sigma) as 4/3 is from the beloved 35mm.
I agree on that. Right now I have a P&S and there is just no difference in DOF if you use f2.8 or f11 - it's almost always large enough to cover almost everything in the photo. And the only bokeh you get is a background with a little, little blur.

Between 4/3 DOF and P&S DOF there is quite a huge gap (between 4/3 and full frame probably too :) ) and between 4/3 and ASP the difference is quite little judging by the photos (and the sensor size).

--

http://magnesus.blogspot.com - visit my photoblog, s6000fd, bugs, flowers and vistas
 

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