This is one of the better explanations I've seen:
http://groups.google.com/groups?q=g:thl1173120767d&dq=&hl=en&safe=off&selm=9pndck%249hd%241%40lily.cs.ubc.ca
Basically there's no free lunch; you get increased resolution
horizontally and vertically at the expense of diagonal resolution.
Agreed, the overall resolution doesn't change - there is a
tradeoff. And it is an interesting explanation. But it appears
that he's got his numbers reversed.
Take a look at it yourself. Imagine, or draw, a typical square
CCD. Note the distance between the individual cells vertically,
call it "1 unit". The same "1 unit" is the distance between the
cells horizontally. And from basic trigonometry, you can see that
the diagonal distance between cells is the hypotenuse of that
isosceles right triangle, which is 1.414 units.
Now rotate the cells, and the distances are swapped. The
"Honeycomb" arrangement actually increases the cell-to-cell
distance in the horizontal and vertical directions, and reduces it
diagonally.
Actually, though, I'm oversimplifying his explanation. He takes my
point into account, but goes on to claim that the the resolution
isn't dependent on the individual sensor cells, but is somehow
connected with the fact that they are organized in rows. And since
the diagonal cells are organized into "more" rows, they somehow
gather more resolution.
But there's no basis for such an assumption. Sampling theory
doesn't deal in rows, it deals in points. Individual cells.
Single samples. And, in the case of an image, sampling theory
deals specifically with samples distributed over an area. If you
choose to consider the fact that there are now more rows of cells,
you also need to consider that the number of cells in each of those
rows has been reduced, and by exactly the same proportion. Like
you said, there's no free lunch.
I'm glad we're having this discussion, it brings up some
interesting points. Because in reality, the only thing that
matters is how many cells are spread out across the image. And
from that standpoint, the CCD geometry is completely irrelevant.
Which is the same conclusion that came from another discussion
earlier today. Interesting. I'm beginning to believe it's true.
You guys are beginning to change my mind, but not in the direction
you intend.