I posted this in another thread yesterday, but it's germaine to your question as well...
A couple of weeks ago, I and another friend independently contacted Pentax Customer Service on this issue.
Pentax official response is that they currently support 2G SD cards, presuming the DL, DL2 and DS2 models or DS upgraded with Firmware v2.0. They do NOT currently support 4G SD cards due to ambiguities in the hardware specification for the 4G SD cards.
Some may work, when formatted for FAT in a host computer. Some folks have told me that formatting a 4G SD card for Windows file system FAT16 with Mac OS X using a card reader works.
Pentax went on to say that they are behind the SDHC specification that Sandisk is promoting, and when an official acceptance of that or similar specification is arrived at, and large capacity SDHC cards conforming to that specification become available, they will plan on releasing a firmware update for all cameras that can be compatible.
I would stick with 2G cards as maximum.
Regards what's fastest for the K100D: It's been proven by testing that the DS write speed improves nicely with up to an 80x card. There is no substantive data available yet on the K100D, but with the price of the Transcend 150x 2G cards so low, there's no downside to buying them and enjoying super speed downloads to your computer, and the K100D might well have an even faster bus.
Godfrey