Lens multipliers for Canon lenses

Now that that's been cleared up I have to wonder; why would someone
choose an S type lens over a standard EF when you consider the S is
limited to a few bodies?
The reason they designed this is so they could use a lens that projects a smaller image circle, and thus shorter focal length lenses would be easier to make, lighter, and cheaper. Creating a quality 10-22mm lens that will function on a 35mm camera is very expensive and requires a lot of glass, and thus a lot of weight.

Because of the APS-C image sensor, the lens can have a smaller image circle and shorter back focus...still fill the frame at the same focal length, and thus reduce the cost and weight of the lenses. Essentially, the EF-S format, (and the Sigma DC lenses with smaller image circles) allow for these short focal length lenses to be used on APS-C sized DSLRs with a minimum of cost and weight in relation to the same focal length for 35mm format.

These short focal length lenses weren't really needed on 35mm format because of the field of view. Because of the difference in what is 'normal' and 'wide angle' on APS-C, shorter focal length lenses are needed for DSLRs to get a wide angle lens. Similarly, you only need a 50mm lens on medium format to get a decent wide angle.

Essentially, RDKirk nailed it with his detailed explanation. The only reason to use the 'crop factor' multiplication is if you are set in how you think of wide angle, normal, and telephoto in relation to focal length on the 35mm format. If you are used to thinking of
--
--------------------------------------------------------------------
http://www.jordansteele.com
 
Note that neither special attribute has anything to do with
multiplier/crop factor. In all cases, SLR lenses are marked in
terms of actual focal length, with an angle of view that is
dependent on sensor size according to:

AoV = 2 * arctan(0.5 * S / FL), where S = sensor size and FL is
focal length
Also note
that you can't necessarily take the angle of view that you'd expect
from mounting a lens on a full-frame camera, divide by 1.6, and
expect to obtain the angle of view on an APS-C sensor. This is
approximately true for long focal lengths (since the arctan of x is
approximately x for very small x), but breaks down somewhat at the
shortest focal lengths.
Actually, it is exactly a factor of 1.6, regardless of focal length:

AOV1/AOV2 = {2 * arctan(0.5 * sqrt((24^2 + 36^2) (1.6*FL)) } / {2*arctan(0.5 * sqrt((22.5^2 + 15^2) FL)}

AOV1/AOV2 = arctan(sqrt(182.8125/FL^2)) / arctan(sqrt(182.8125/FL^2))

AOV1/AOV2 = 1

So the term "focal length multiplier" is correct.
 
perspecting. The "normal" focal length is the measure of the
diagonal of the format. For your Canon 20D, that's 28mm. The
normal focal length for the 20D is 28mm.
Actually, it is approximately 27 mm.

sqrt(22.5^2+15.0^2)=27.04 mm.
 
Also note
that you can't necessarily take the angle of view that you'd expect
from mounting a lens on a full-frame camera, divide by 1.6, and
expect to obtain the angle of view on an APS-C sensor. This is
approximately true for long focal lengths (since the arctan of x is
approximately x for very small x), but breaks down somewhat at the
shortest focal lengths.
Oops, I was misreading your post; you were talking about the angle of view, not FL. My apologies.

Your statement is correct. There's a 5% error at 40 mm, and 20% error at 15 mm (full frame).
 
Assuming the same distance to subject and output size, DOF will be
greater with 10 mm lens on a 20D than with a 16mm lens on 1Ds.
It's not right until you say what you mean. At same f-number, you're right. At same absolute aperture diameter, the natural condition for making the same photograph, the DoF is same.

As you well know, but you don't alway use enough words to make your statements correctly interpretable. Unlike many of these other guys, who don't even know...

j
 
Assuming the same distance to subject and output size, DOF will be
greater with 10 mm lens on a 20D than with a 16mm lens on 1Ds.
It's not right until you say what you mean. At same f-number,
you're right. At same absolute aperture diameter, the natural
condition for making the same photograph, the DoF is same.
Right - I was assuming same f/stop.

--
Ron Parr
FAQ: http://www.cs.duke.edu/~parr/photography/faq.html
Gallery: http://www.pbase.com/parr/
 
saying 10 mm = 20 mm or whatever is just a way to avoid saying what the relationship is that you're trying to describe.

the lens is 10 mm period. The focal lenght that you get by multiplying by the FLM or cropfactor is not the focal length of your lens. It is something different, with a clear meaning only if you specify what it means, which we've been over too much already...

j
 
I think that the reason this is so confusing is because the net effect of the "crop" is that the image is in fact magnified, just not optically. A few points:

1. The 1.6 multiplier is a crop (really, it is, see http://www.dpreview.com/learn/?/Glossary/Optical/Focal_Length_Multiplier_01.htm for a good description).

2. Since the crop is expanded to fill the frame, it is also a multiplier but is done in camera, not optically.

3. Perspective and DOF are not affected by the crop/multiplier associated with a given sensor size. This is worth noting because some people think that their 50mm is magically becoming a great "portrait" lens due to the focal length "multiplier" but they are still getting a 50 mm perspective. Most portrait photographers choose an 85 or 100 mm lens because of the flat perspective. Perspective and DOF for a given lens focal length does not change because of focal length crop/multiplier.
4. The "multiplier" really is a crop...
Assuming the same distance to subject and output size, DOF will be
greater with 10 mm lens on a 20D than with a 16mm lens on 1Ds.

--
Ron Parr
FAQ: http://www.cs.duke.edu/~parr/photography/faq.html
Gallery: http://www.pbase.com/parr/
 
1. The 1.6 multiplier is a crop (really, it is, see

http://www.dpreview.com/learn/?/Glossary/Optical/Focal_Length_Multiplier_01.htm for a good description).
It is what it is. It's useful to think of it as a crop only if you have some reason to relate it to a larger sensor.
2. Since the crop is expanded to fill the frame, it is also a
multiplier but is done in camera, not optically.
The camera doesn't do any expansion or multiplication. It's up to you to do this when you display the image on your screen or in print.
3. Perspective and DOF are not affected by the crop/multiplier
associated with a given sensor size. This is worth noting because
some people think that their 50mm is magically becoming a great
"portrait" lens due to the focal length "multiplier" but they are
still getting a 50 mm perspective. Most portrait photographers
choose an 85 or 100 mm lens because of the flat perspective.
Perspective and DOF for a given lens focal length does not change
because of focal length crop/multiplier.
Perspective is not a property of lenses. It is a function of your distance to subject.

If you like the perspective you get with an 80mm lens on a 1Ds, then you can keep yourself and the subject in the same position, switch to a 20D w/50mm lens and get the exact same perspective.
4. The "multiplier" really is a crop...
The multiplier is a construct that makes it easy for some people to relate aspects of photography with small sensors to their 35mm film experience. Depending upon what aspect you're interested in, it can be useful to think of it either as a crop or as a multiplier. The hard part for some people is resisting the temptation to treat it as something more this.

--
Ron Parr
FAQ: http://www.cs.duke.edu/~parr/photography/faq.html
Gallery: http://www.pbase.com/parr/
 
1. The 1.6 multiplier is a crop (really, it is, see

http://www.dpreview.com/learn/?/Glossary/Optical/Focal_Length_Multiplier_01.htm for a good description).
It is what it is. It's useful to think of it as a crop only if you
have some reason to relate it to a larger sensor.
Agreed which most people that discuss this do.
2. Since the crop is expanded to fill the frame, it is also a
multiplier but is done in camera, not optically.
The camera doesn't do any expansion or multiplication. It's up to
you to do this when you display the image on your screen or in
print.
The camera does "fill the frame" which is essentially magnifying the image returned by the lens.
3. Perspective and DOF are not affected by the crop/multiplier
associated with a given sensor size. This is worth noting because
some people think that their 50mm is magically becoming a great
"portrait" lens due to the focal length "multiplier" but they are
still getting a 50 mm perspective. Most portrait photographers
choose an 85 or 100 mm lens because of the flat perspective.
Perspective and DOF for a given lens focal length does not change
because of focal length crop/multiplier.
Perspective is not a property of lenses. It is a function of your
distance to subject.
Now that I think about it, good point! I have a great portrait lens and didn't even know it!.
If you like the perspective you get with an 80mm lens on a 1Ds,
then you can keep yourself and the subject in the same position,
switch to a 20D w/50mm lens and get the exact same perspective.
4. The "multiplier" really is a crop...
The multiplier is a construct that makes it easy for some people to
relate aspects of photography with small sensors to their 35mm film
experience. Depending upon what aspect you're interested in, it
can be useful to think of it either as a crop or as a multiplier.
The hard part for some people is resisting the temptation to treat
it as something more this.

--
Ron Parr
FAQ: http://www.cs.duke.edu/~parr/photography/faq.html
Gallery: http://www.pbase.com/parr/
 
The camera doesn't do any expansion or multiplication. It's up to
you to do this when you display the image on your screen or in
print.
The camera does "fill the frame" which is essentially magnifying
the image returned by the lens.
I guess I'm not clear on what frame the camera is filling. It just gives you a bunch of pixels and doesn't know anything about frames.

--
Ron Parr
FAQ: http://www.cs.duke.edu/~parr/photography/faq.html
Gallery: http://www.pbase.com/parr/
 
The camera doesn't do any expansion or multiplication. It's up to
you to do this when you display the image on your screen or in
print.
The camera does "fill the frame" which is essentially magnifying
the image returned by the lens.
I guess I'm not clear on what frame the camera is filling. It just
gives you a bunch of pixels and doesn't know anything about frames.
To be specific, I am referring to the frame that surrounds the image as you view it through the viewfinder.
 
While I agree of course that a 10 mm lens is a 10 mm lens regardless of what camera it's mounted on, I thought it clear he meant FOV.

DSC
saying 10 mm = 20 mm or whatever is just a way to avoid saying what
the relationship is that you're trying to describe.

the lens is 10 mm period. The focal lenght that you get by
multiplying by the FLM or cropfactor is not the focal length of
your lens. It is something different, with a clear meaning only if
you specify what it means, which we've been over too much already...

j
 
While I agree of course that a 10 mm lens is a 10 mm lens
regardless of what camera it's mounted on, I thought it clear he
meant FOV.
clarity is the whole issue. It may have been clear to you, but a statement of equaity between unequal FL numbers is not clearly a statement about FoV.

My comments are all about trying to take sloppy talk and make it clear, because the sloppy talk keeps generating confusion and arguments because it is interpreted differently by different people.

j
 
While I agree of course that a 10 mm lens is a 10 mm lens
regardless of what camera it's mounted on, I thought it clear he
meant FOV.
clarity is the whole issue. It may have been clear to you, but a
statement of equaity between unequal FL numbers is not clearly a
statement about FoV.

My comments are all about trying to take sloppy talk and make it
clear, because the sloppy talk keeps generating confusion and
arguments because it is interpreted differently by different people.

j
 
BlueEyes has the most accurate "simple" explaination of what is happening here. Great explaination on this subject matter... by a pro who reviews/test equipment:
http://www.luminous-landscape.com/tutorials/understanding-series/dslr-mag.shtml
That "so-called" jargon is actually the best way to describe it.
I agree
Coming from someone who seems to think that the EF-S lenses are
"different" with respect to these issues, I can see why you might
think that.
Actually, they are different. One: the back lens element is closer to the sensor (major difference). Two: not designed for full frames
trying to say that a Canon 70-200 mm IS lens is different
based on the camera . . . yeah, sure.
I don't see where anyone said any such thing. That's exactly the
confusion that needs to be prevented, but nobody here has said that
a lens changes based on what camera you put it on.
Not in so many words, but it's been implied in this thread by interpretations of the subject that would lead one to believe that that is what they are saying.
A 35 mm formatted lens will be a 35 mm formatted lens whether or
not it's a 35mm film plane or a 28mm digital sensor. Saying to
think of it as anything different is a little odd, to say the least.
Lenses are not "formatted". You're not making sense. Lenses are
pretty much completely characterized by a focal length, for
purposes of the present discussion.
Maybe "fromat" is a bad choice of word, but BlueEyes is correct. Let's call it "engineered" for a sensor format at a given focal length. Mounting a 35mm "engineered" lens to a MF body at the 35mm focal length, you would probably see the curvature of the image circle the lens is projecting, or at least sever vignetting. That's why MF lenses are engineered differently.
Cameras have a format. Lenses don't, except in so far as there
might be a largest format for whcih they provide low enough
vignetting.
Your statement here proves the point, just won't say "fromatted" but "engineered"
used to call it "magnification factor" because a 100mm lens on

a 10D would give you the same FOV as a 160mm lens on a 1V. A lot of people, liked that your lens was more "powerful" now.
because really, you weren't magnifying anything. ...
People confused themselves about that because they didn't
understand that the magnification is REAL in the overall system
from scene to print, but not part of the lens or camera itself.
It's in the enlargement from focal plane to a given print size that
you get 160% more magnification.
The magnification is NOT real. That's why "crop factor" is really not a bad term. Not sure what "Print size" has to do with this, subject has no bearing on post camera output. The smaller sensor is just being exposed with a smaller portion of the lens projection... this is not magnification.
... Instead, you were
taking a larger image and cropping it. My God, we have a CROP
FACTOR. Take a picture,
and assume it was shot with a 35mm film plane.

assuming your picture was an 8x10, crop it down to a 4x5. once you have your 4x5 crop,
Now you got two 8x10's, right? One looks "zoomed in" or
"magnified." Why you ask? Because you cropped it, duh.
... and then you magnified it or enlarged more.
That's enlarging it after the fact (and not a magnification on to the sensor via the lens projection) as what you would see in the viewfinder.
That's what
a 28mm digital sensor does when you attach a 35mm formatted lens
onto it.
or any lens. There's not such thing as a 35mm formatted lens.
No, not any lens. That's why you have a lens such as the EF-S 10-22. If we would have the same results with the EF lens, on 29mm, what's the point for Canon to develop the EF-S line?? Actually there ARE such things as 35mm "engineered" lenses.

A 50mm on one format may give you a 1:1 (no magnification/reduction) while the same lense on another format would not be a 1:1.
Instead of recording the entire possible image provided by
the lens, you're only recording the 4x5 crop and blowing it up to
an 8x10. See where we're going with this . . . ?
The entire possible image is a big circle that is NEVER recorded in
Actually, it would be. An EF-S lens (providing you could) mounted on a MF or Large format, would show the image "circle".
an EF-S lens, which is a 28mm formatted lens (catching up
yet?) is designed to cast it's image over a 29mm diagonal plane,
thus no croppins
AND HERE's YOUR ERROR!
If the EF-S mounted lenses happen to have a smaller image circle,
that has no bearing on anything. They are not "formatted" for 29mm.
Again, BlueEyes is correct. The EF-S, as you know, rear glass element is closer to the sensor for a shorter focal length. I think that constitutes as being "engineeered", or formatted, for the smaller sensor. If they weren't "engineered" for the 28mm then why didn't Canon design them to be mounted on the full frame also? Because, in addition to the larger mirror hitting the back of the lens you would get extreme vignetting and inherent corner aberations.

The concept of cropping relative to the
format that the lens was optimized for leads you directly to the
WRONG conclusion.
See the link I posted
if you were to stick this lens on a 35mm
film plane you would wind up with an
8x10 print with only a 4x5 image on that sheet. You would just have
a giant black frame . . .
because your mirror would jam
against the back of the lens and your shutter wouldn't open. Try
it and let us know.
Assume mirror is locked up, you would still get some black or vignetting... not so sure if it would be giant.
 

Keyboard shortcuts

Back
Top