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Aeolian Features

Started Jul 5, 2019 | Discussions
Turbguy1
MOD Turbguy1 Senior Member • Posts: 1,467
Aeolian Features
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uuglypher
uuglypher Regular Member • Posts: 250
Re: Aeolian Features

Aeolian, Schemolian...that’s just the result of long-term abrasion bu wind-borne sand!

Reasonable 3D effect, but you probably used two exposures, right. 3D conversion of your left eye image turned out really well.

Cheers,

Dave

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uuglypher
"100% of the shots you don't take don't go in!"
Wayne Gretzky

Turbguy1
OP MOD Turbguy1 Senior Member • Posts: 1,467
Re: Aeolian Features

Yup, this was a true stereo image. It contains ONLY horizontal disparities (as it should). It realistically shows the erosion as it is.

My area contains the largest aeolian geologic structure in the western hemisphere, called "The Big Hollow", in the Laramie Valley. I believe there's only one larger, in Mongolia.

Here's another:

https://www.flickr.com/photos/turbguy/48202326732/in/dateposted-public/lightbox/

Question...why bother with "3D conversion", when it is so simple to capture the real thing??

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Turbguy1
OP MOD Turbguy1 Senior Member • Posts: 1,467
Re: Aeolian Features

As an aside..

Perhaps this image is the effect you are desirous of, as the distant clouds actually have depth/solidity to a degree.  Achieved by differential horizontal cloud motion between shots.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/turbguy/48209609691/in/dateposted-public/

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uuglypher
uuglypher Regular Member • Posts: 250
Re: Aeolian Features

Turbguy1 wrote:

As an aside..

Perhaps this image is the effect you are desirous of, as the distant clouds actually have depth/solidity to a degree. Achieved by differential horizontal cloud motion between shots.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/turbguy/48209609691/in/dateposted-public/

Nice try...clouds are at a distinct depth beyond the rock formation...

BUT:

are completely lacking, themselves, in depth distinction: Note complete registration of ALL cloud details in the superimposition. This is quite different from depth distinctions within cloud backgrounds in monocular depth cue 3D imagery.

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uuglypher
"100% of the shots you don't take don't go in!"
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uuglypher
uuglypher Regular Member • Posts: 250
Re: Aeolian Features

here are the super impositions:

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uuglypher
"100% of the shots you don't take don't go in!"
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Turbguy1
OP MOD Turbguy1 Senior Member • Posts: 1,467
Re: Aeolian Features

I take it you cannot see the subtle depth in the cloud textures? They are subtle but they are there. Much of the texture is at the same "depth", but some is not. It might be easier to see in this anaglyph where one selected plane of the clouds is superimposed. The slight red and cyan tints are measurable, slight, disparities...

Topmost "puff" has been aligned to superimposed.

Bigger here:

https://www.flickr.com/photos/turbguy/48217590322/in/dateposted-public/lightbox/

Any area in the clouds not PURE WHITE, is at a diiferent disparity than the pure white areas.

It' s subtle, but it is there.

Note also some small vertical disparities

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uuglypher
uuglypher Regular Member • Posts: 250
Re: Aeolian Features

Sorry, Wayne, From your anaglyph I get no more sense of depth in the clouds than I do from your original image. When size matched and superimposed, then registration of any one cloud detail results in registration of every other cloud detail. (see superimposition below).The faint ghosting in the cloud in your anaglyph is the result of mismatched size > artificial spatial disparity rather than any hint of evidence of actual spatial disparity due to horizontal parallax of binocular imagery. You did a super job exposing to capture the maximum tonal spectrum of the clouds, but that’s just a monocular cue to illusory depth provided by any good 2D image.

Also below are are two different monocular depth cue 3D conversions - produced by two different transformation algorithms - both of which provide excellent discernible depths in cloud detail perceptible by appropriate viewing by any adult with normal vision.

One has proportionately more horizontal detail disparities than the other (which has a higher proportion of vertical disparities). Thus,  I expect that you, particularly,  will find one easier to view than the other. Individuals with normal foveational range (with independent control of eye movements in both x and y axes - normally attained by late adolescence) have no problems comfortably merging such monocular cue 3D conversions. There obviously are some so able in this forum, as well as some who just as obviously aren’t.

Best regards,

Dave

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uuglypher
"100% of the shots you don't take don't go in!"
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Turbguy1
OP MOD Turbguy1 Senior Member • Posts: 1,467
Re: Aeolian Features

Oh, I agree that the disparities revealed by the tints in the anaglyph are the result of cloud motion between shots, not by actual disparities that would be produced by simultaneous capture of two views with some interaxial separation. However, by my view, these clouds are NOT a “painted backdrop” flat image. They are "converted" by natural methods! The cloud motions actually produce disparities that (in my viewing experience) give some areas volume. Some cloud details are obviously “in front of” others. See below.

View crosseye

View parallel

To my vision, the red annotated grey cloud is clearly “in front of” the whiter, larger cloud. Do you experience this??

As to the conversions, do they contain depth? I have to say yes. But what I experience is a 2D image smoothly warped, as if I was looking at a 2D image printed on a rubber sheet that has been deformed by some method. I don’t see a clear depth difference between the sandstone formation edges and the clouds in either view.

Since I capture much work via “cha-cha” (single camera, shifted) method, I have to be cognizant about cloud motions, in order to avoid the clouds being fused ahead of other features (trees, rocks, phone poles, flowers) that should be “in front”. The result would contain areas that when viewed are “pseudo-stereo”. Sometimes it works, sometimes it fails…

Here’s an extreme example, taken on a very windy day…

View crosseye

View parallel

Closer clouds move more (have greater captured horizontal disparity) than more distant clouds.

Experiencing this motion in real time provides a significant monocular depth clue.

Comment?

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uuglypher
uuglypher Regular Member • Posts: 250
Re: Aeolian Features

Wayne, you wrote:

“To my vision, the red annotated grey cloud is clearly “in front of” the whiter, larger cloud. Do you experience this??”
Sure, the “...grey cloud is clearly in front of the whiter, larger cloud” but it is only the relative effect of the monocular depth cue of edge occlusion as evident in any 2D image.

and referring to the 3D conversions:

As for “...a clear depth difference between the sandstone formation edges and the clouds...” ? That is, to my eye, a distinct difference between the two conversions. If you don’t see it...I can’t explain it in terms of normal visual abilities.

And...as for your reliance upon unavoidable background cloud movement to contribute to a “disparity” of putative (read “imaginatively hopeful”) value in promoting stereopsis...to m eye it ain’t happening, Wayne!

Likewise, your color image pairs that I suppose are meant to illustrate the the same thing just don’t work. Compare them with my 3D conversion of your left eye view. In my opinion the 3D conversion provides a  more realistic stereo effect evident in both the terrain and in the sky, don’t you agree?

And by the way, Wayne, what is your purpose in recommending Julesz’s book on the “Cyclopean eye” concept and to whom are you recommending it?

Dave

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uuglypher
"100% of the shots you don't take don't go in!"
Wayne Gretzky

uuglypher
uuglypher Regular Member • Posts: 250
Re: Aeolian Features

sorry...here are the 3D conversions:

uuglypher wrote:

Wayne, you wrote:

“To my vision, the red annotated grey cloud is clearly “in front of” the whiter, larger cloud. Do you experience this??”
Sure, the “...grey cloud is clearly in front of the whiter, larger cloud” but it is only the relative effect of the monocular depth cue of edge occlusion as evident in any 2D image.

and referring to the 3D conversions:

As for “...a clear depth difference between the sandstone formation edges and the clouds...” ? That is, to my eye, a distinct difference between the two conversions. If you don’t see it...I can’t explain it in terms of normal visual abilities.

And...as for your reliance upon unavoidable background cloud movement to contribute to a “disparity” of putative (read “imaginatively hopeful”) value in promoting stereopsis...to m eye it ain’t happening, Wayne!

Likewise, your color image pairs that I suppose are meant to illustrate the the same thing just don’t work. Compare them with my 3D conversion of your left eye view. In my opinion the 3D conversion provides a more realistic stereo effect evident in both the terrain and in the sky, don’t you agree?

And by the way, Wayne, what is your purpose in recommending Julesz’s book on the “Cyclopean eye” concept and to whom are you recommending it?

Dave

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uuglypher
"100% of the shots you don't take don't go in!"
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Turbguy1
OP MOD Turbguy1 Senior Member • Posts: 1,467
Re: Aeolian Features

The purpose of the anaglyph I posted is not for anaglyph viewing, but is meant to disclose the horizontal disparities in the cloud details via the red and cyan fringing.

The annotated section has a measured horizontal disparity of approximately 9 pixels (compared to the background cloud). My visual system’s cognition recognizes this disparity, and clearly reveals to my brain that there is a perceptible difference in “real” depth between the two elements, even though the disparity was generated by cloud motion. If you are not experiencing this, then we will have to agree to disagree.

Perhaps another example is required. I will start with a single image arranged in a stereo pair. Viewing this pair fused reveals a totally flat view in my experience.

Identical views

A small area of this view has been shifted horizontally by 5 pixels. I can find it viewing the fused pair (cross or parallel). View full size. Can you find it?

small area shifted 5 pixels horizontally

Here’s the same area shifted 10 pixels. View full size. Can you find it?

small area shifted 10 pixels horizontally

Here’s the same area shifted 20 pixels. View full size. Can you find it?

small area shifted 20 pixels horizontally

Here’s the same area shifted 50 pixels. View full size. Can you find it? It should REALLY be obvious by now.

small area shifted 50 pixels

I notice the depth difference at shifts less than 5 pixels. How about you??

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Tourlou Senior Member • Posts: 1,046
Re: Aeolian Features

WOW!  Nice set!  Beautiful effect!

uuglypher
uuglypher Regular Member • Posts: 250
Re: Aeolian Features

Ah hah! You DID read Julesz’s book.

Yes, you displaced the displaced, angled slab of sedimentary rock.

The projection above (or recession below...depending on viewing style) is evident from 5 pixels displacement on up.

Here is a more traditional Julesz RDS. Can you see it!

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uuglypher
"100% of the shots you don't take don't go in!"
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w

Turbguy1
OP MOD Turbguy1 Senior Member • Posts: 1,467
Re: Aeolian Features

Yes, there's a obvious rectangular area in the center that's possible to fuse (if you ignore the surrounding stones, which won't fuse "simultaneously".  Or I can fuse the surrounding stones, and the rectangular area then won't fuse very well (ouch!).  Looks like a rotational translation occured to the image within the rectangle...

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uuglypher
uuglypher Regular Member • Posts: 250
Re: Aeolian Features

Congrats, Wayne....you are spot-on...AND ..it’s proof you can foveate vertical disparities!

I was sure you had it in ya!

Yes in deedy, them RDSs do come in handy!

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uuglypher
"100% of the shots you don't take don't go in!"
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Turbguy1
OP MOD Turbguy1 Senior Member • Posts: 1,467
Re: Aeolian Features

Yes, if I concentrate, AND TILT MY HEAD SIGHTLY TO REDUCE DISCOMFORT, I can fuse the interior. Then the exterior can't be fused, without discomfort. Discomfort in viewing a poorly executed pair is one of the greatest detriments to wide acceptance stereo imaging!

Can you foveate these WITHOUT discomfort?

Starting inage

Pair rotated 40 degrees and cropped

Pair rotated 70 degrees and cropped

Pair rotated 90 degrees and cropped

I'm sure you can fuse them, but there is increasing discomfort (until, with this example, 90 degrees is reached and stereopsis is significantly reduced. I believe it disappears as some function of the sine of the rotation.

-
Wayne
See more at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/turbguy/

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uuglypher
uuglypher Regular Member • Posts: 250
Re: Aeolian Features

That’s a super series, Wayne, and I would love, with your permission, and with full attribution to you, to use it in an Appendix of my book.

You remind me of a fellow in my “viewers’ stable” who, like you, is firmly wedded to horizontally displaced disparities ( in his case due to anisometropic refractive differences). If I send him some images with strong vertical disparities he has to turn them 90° to be able to perceive the 3D effect.

Now, as to your image series:

I can view and merge the entire series easily and comfortably. I went through it first to confirm that ALL merged comfortably and that ALL yielded bathopsis (stereopsis) as well, and then took a break for a cuppa. Then went back with my old darkroom timer and viewed and merged each angle example for a full two minutes each, foveating details in center, each corner, and all edges when ever corresponding detail points were extant. No discomfort whatsoever was experienced with any of the pairs.

The reason, I am absolutely sure, is that the disparities are all of a mild degree of displacement, regardless of direction.

Now I fully recognize that some of my 3D conversions that exhibit stronger khóropsis and stereopsis do so due to more pronounced diagonal and vertical displacements, and can be predicted to cause some discomfort in some viewers with prolonged viewing.

I superimposed your pairs for foveation mapping and all revealed only very mild challenges to sequential foveation saccades.

I am curious as to the focal length used for this image...normal? short? long? long macro? It makes a difference and I am in the process of working out a predictive scale of relative effects on khóropsis and stereopsis indices.

I am sending you a personal message with a series of images I’d like you to view. They are also from an Appendix

Regards,

Dave

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uuglypher
"100% of the shots you don't take don't go in!"
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uuglypher
uuglypher Regular Member • Posts: 250
Re: Aeolian Features

I meant to include mention that the fellow who is intolerant of any but horizontal displacements and has anisometropia would be expected to have developed some degree of ability to foveate vertical disparities, but hasn’t ...Go figure!

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uuglypher
"100% of the shots you don't take don't go in!"
Wayne Gretzky

Turbguy1
OP MOD Turbguy1 Senior Member • Posts: 1,467
Re: Aeolian Features

You have my permission to use those images.

Please remember that, viewing comfort is of primary importance for the acceptance of Stereophotography. Keeping all deviations horizontal is key. Any vertical deviations should either be kept small, or zero. A larger portion of viewers can then be attracted.

Other "values" of importance are:

Acceptable range of deviation within an image (which can be image size dependent)

Control of infinity separations (for parallel viewing), should be less than the average interocular (which IS image size dependent). That is to say, homologous points that require diverging the eyes for fusion should be avoided. Small amounts of divergence seem to be acceptable in some portion of the population.

Adherence to a proper stereo window (for rectangular frames). No element should be in front of the window that "breaks an edge" of the window. Custom frames can ease this requirement, such as found in Stereotron's work...I never got around to working with Stereomasken software to produce these frames.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/stereotron

Matching color and tones between views.

Show no pseudostereo (except for "special effects").

and more...

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