Previewing settings post photo D5100

I think you mean Live View. there is a lever on the top right of the Camera beside the function wheel, it is marked with "LV", pull it towards you then you are in live view and see a preview including all the information you mentioned and more. If you want less info, toggle with the "Info" buttion on the top of the camera thru the various display modes. You can enlarge the preview using the zoom buttons on the right bottom back of the camera to zoom in and out.

in the PAS modes you get a preview including any exposure compensation that you may have set, note that you don't get this in manual mode.

Edit: typo and better title